College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, 321004 Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
Research Center of Tin Ka Ping Moral Education, Zhejiang Normal University, 321004 Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2020 May 11;15(2):203-214. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsaa017.
Behavioral synchronization has been found to facilitate social bonding and prosociality but the neural mechanisms underlying such effects are not well understood. In the current study, 60 dyads were hyperscanned using functional near-infrared spectroscopy while they performed either a synchronous key-pressing task or a control task. After the task, they were asked to perform the dictator game to assess their prosocial behavior. We also measured three potential mediating variables: self-other overlap, perceived similarity and interpersonal neural synchronization. Results showed that dyads in the synchronization group were higher in behavioral synchronization, interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) at the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, self-other overlap, perceived similarity and prosociality than those in the control group. INS was significantly associated with prosocial behaviors and self-other overlap. After testing four meditation models, we found that self-other overlap and INS played a serial mediation role in the effect of behavioral synchronization on prosociality. These results contribute to our understanding of the neural and cognitive mechanisms underlying the effect of behavioral synchronization on prosocial behavior.
行为同步已被发现有助于社交联系和亲社会行为，但这种影响的神经机制尚不清楚。在当前的研究中，60 对被试使用功能近红外光谱进行了超扫描，同时进行了同步按键任务或对照任务。任务结束后，他们被要求进行独裁者游戏，以评估他们的亲社会行为。我们还测量了三个潜在的中介变量：自我-他人重叠、感知相似性和人际神经同步。结果表明，同步组的被试在行为同步、右背外侧前额叶皮质的人际神经同步（INS）、自我-他人重叠、感知相似性和亲社会性方面均高于对照组。INS 与亲社会行为和自我-他人重叠显著相关。在测试了四个中介模型后，我们发现自我-他人重叠和 INS 在行为同步对亲社会性的影响中起串联中介作用。这些结果有助于我们理解行为同步对亲社会行为影响的神经和认知机制。
