College of Architecture, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi, China.
Urban and Integrated Transportation Planning Center, China Communications Construction Company, First Highway Consultants Co. Ltd., Xi'an, 710078, Shaanxi, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2020 Feb 17;192(3):179. doi: 10.1007/s10661-020-8115-7.
The promotion of urban biodiversity mainly relies on all kinds of urban green land, especially the green land affiliated with fragmentation and smaller dimensions that receives less attention. Based on small-scale connected urban green spaces, the construction of habitat networks is very important for biodiversity protection. Considering the importance of the habitat networks constructed by the affiliated green land with smaller dimensions to biodiversity protection, this research attempted to apply a new technique to construct a habitat network and an urban block unit structure for ecological restoration and green space biodiversity at the city-block scale. By analyzing the related ecological principles, this research extracted four design approaches: the green land habitat patch-companion method; the corresponding shape and function method; the newly increased and protective patch location method; the bunching patch substitution method; and the approaches for designing campus habitat galleries, such as the 3D greening method of narrow and long campus galleries, the method of designing a campus main road green belt, the method of designing a relaxed campus landscape green belt, the method of designing a core campus landscape green belt, the method of connecting the habitat patch node, and the method of covering habitat diversity. By comparing the network pattern indexes, determining the key habitat patches, constructing the habitat network frameworks, and improving the habitat aggregation quality, this research constructed three ideal network models for urban university campus habitats and explained the butterfly biodiversity model graphic representation, application conditions, and features. The "crosswise radiation" network was effective for ecological restoration, and the "dendritic zoning" network significantly enhanced butterfly biodiversity.
城市生物多样性的提升主要依赖于各类城市绿地，尤其是附属绿地中面积较小、易被忽视的绿地。基于小规模的连接型城市绿地，构建生境网络对于生物多样性保护至关重要。考虑到附属小型绿地构建的生境网络对于生物多样性保护的重要性，本研究试图应用一种新技术，在城市街区尺度上进行生态修复和绿地生物多样性的生境网络和城市街区单元结构的构建。通过分析相关生态原理，本研究提取了四种设计方法：绿地生境斑块-伴生物种方法；相应的形状和功能方法；新增和保护斑块位置方法；丛状斑块替代方法；以及校园生境廊道的设计方法，如狭长校园廊道的 3D 绿化方法、校园主路绿带设计方法、校园景观休闲绿带设计方法、校园核心景观绿带设计方法、生境斑块节点连接方法和生境多样性覆盖方法。通过比较网络模式指标、确定关键生境斑块、构建生境网络框架以及提高生境聚集质量，本研究构建了三个理想的城市大学校园生境网络模型，并解释了蝴蝶生物多样性模型的图形表示、应用条件和特点。“横向辐射”网络对于生态修复有效，而“树状分区”网络显著增强了蝴蝶生物多样性。
