Li Xiaoxi, Ou Xiaoyang, Sun Xingyue, Li Haoran, Li Yixiao, Zheng Xi
School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Aug;365:121512. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121512. Epub 2024 Jun 18.
The construction of ecological networks within the context of urbanization is an effective approach to cope with the challenges of urban biodiversity decline, representing a crucial goal in urban planning and development. However, existing studies often overlook the richness and uniqueness within species communities by homogenizing traits of species in the same class. This study proposes a framework for constructing and optimizing ecological networks focused on differential conservation within the same class. By classifying birds into three groups (specialists of water, forest or urban areas) based on their ecological requirements and urbanization tolerance, we constructed an ecological network tailored to their distinct migratory dispersal patterns. We then identified strategic areas including pinch points, barriers, and breakpoints specific to each bird group. Our findings reveal notable variations in suitable habitat distribution among different bird groups in urban environments. Corridor layouts varied according to habitat preferences and migratory dispersal patterns. Despite these differences, urban built-up areas persist as central hubs for the distribution of suitable habitats for 75% of bird species, with peripheral mountain-plain transition areas constituting 63% of crucial dispersal corridors. This emphasizes the critical role of urban built-up areas in maintaining biodiversity and ecological connectivity. Prioritizing connectivity between central urban areas and distant natural spaces is imperative. Our approach innovatively classifies and constructs networks to identify strategic areas with diverse species-specific attributes, providing valuable spatial information for land planning and guiding solutions to enhance target species. While the primary focus is on bird conservation in Beijing, our framework is broadly applicable to global biodiversity management and green planning under urbanization challenges. Overall, this study offers innovative insights for urban planning development and serves as decision support for prioritizing urban actions.
在城市化背景下构建生态网络是应对城市生物多样性下降挑战的有效途径，是城市规划与发展的关键目标。然而，现有研究往往通过同质化同一类物种的特征而忽视了物种群落内部的丰富性和独特性。本研究提出了一个构建和优化生态网络的框架，重点关注同一类物种内部的差异化保护。通过根据鸟类的生态需求和对城市化的耐受性将其分为三组（水域、森林或城市地区的 specialists），我们构建了一个适合其独特迁徙扩散模式的生态网络。然后，我们确定了每个鸟类群体特有的战略区域，包括瓶颈点、障碍点和断点。我们的研究结果揭示了城市环境中不同鸟类群体在适宜栖息地分布上的显著差异。廊道布局根据栖息地偏好和迁徙扩散模式而有所不同。尽管存在这些差异，但城市建成区仍然是 75%鸟类物种适宜栖息地分布的核心枢纽，周边山地-平原过渡区构成了 63%的关键扩散廊道。这凸显了城市建成区在维持生物多样性和生态连通性方面的关键作用。优先考虑城市中心区域与遥远自然空间之间的连通性至关重要。我们的方法创新性地对网络进行分类和构建，以识别具有不同物种特定属性的战略区域，为土地规划提供有价值的空间信息，并指导增强目标物种的解决方案。虽然主要关注北京的鸟类保护，但我们的框架广泛适用于城市化挑战下的全球生物多样性管理和绿色规划。总体而言，本研究为城市规划发展提供了创新见解，并为优先开展城市行动提供决策支持。
