Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
Curr Drug Res Rev. 2020;12(2):97-102. doi: 10.2174/2589977512666200217093356.
The interactions between Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and major depression can be translated into clinical data showing that depressive patients have had an enhanced risk for developing AD (later in life). The cellular mechanisms involved in these interactions remain under intensive debate in the literature. In addition, the role of a Ca homeostasis dysregulation in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, like AD, and major depression has been under intensive discussion.
Thus, revealing the interplay between AD and major depression may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of these diseases.
Publications involving Ca signalling pathways, AD, and major depression (alone or combined) were collected by searching multiple databases to find the maximum number of relevant citations (using a search strategy with high sensitivity for studies of etiology).
Ca Channel Blockers (CCBs), classically prescribed for hypertensive patients, have been demonstrating neuroprotective effects, such as decreasing the incidence of AD in hypertensive patients, including alleviating major depression symptoms. A mechanism under debate is focused on the restoration of the Ca homeostasis. Indeed, previous studies of our own have correlated Ca and cAMP signalling pathways (Ca/cAMP signalling) in controlling both the neurotransmitter release and neuronal death. These studies also observed that CCBs can affect Ca/cAMP signalling.
This review discussed the plausible role of Ca/cAMP signalling in the neuroprotective effects of CCBs, including the participation of Ca/cAMP signalling in the interactions between major depression and AD. Considering both AD and major depression have become highly prevalent medical problems in the world, the comprehension of the interactions between these diseases could improve drug development.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）与重度抑郁症之间的相互作用可以转化为临床数据，表明抑郁患者发生 AD（晚年）的风险增加。这些相互作用所涉及的细胞机制在文献中仍存在激烈争论。此外，钙稳态失调在神经退行性疾病（如 AD 和重度抑郁症）发病机制中的作用也在激烈讨论中。
因此，揭示 AD 和重度抑郁症之间的相互作用可能为这些疾病的发病机制提供新的见解。
通过搜索多个数据库收集涉及钙信号通路、AD 和重度抑郁症（单独或联合）的出版物，以找到尽可能多的相关引文（使用对病因学研究具有高灵敏度的搜索策略）。
钙通道阻滞剂（CCB），经典上用于治疗高血压患者，已显示出神经保护作用，例如降低高血压患者中 AD 的发病率，包括缓解重度抑郁症症状。一个有争议的机制集中在钙稳态的恢复上。事实上，我们之前的研究已经将钙和 cAMP 信号通路（Ca/cAMP 信号）与控制神经递质释放和神经元死亡联系起来。这些研究还观察到 CCB 可以影响 Ca/cAMP 信号。
本文综述讨论了 Ca/cAMP 信号在 CCB 神经保护作用中的可能作用，包括 Ca/cAMP 信号在重度抑郁症和 AD 之间相互作用中的参与。鉴于 AD 和重度抑郁症已成为世界上高度流行的医学问题，对这些疾病之间相互作用的理解可以促进药物开发。
