Ibirogba Eniola Raheem, Haeri Sina, Ruano Rodrigo
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.
St. David's Women's Center of Texas, Austin Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Austin, Texas.
Prenat Diagn. 2020 May;40(6):661-668. doi: 10.1002/pd.5669. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
Fetal lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO), which often results in marked perinatal morbidity and mortality, is caused by a heterogeneous group of anatomical defects that lead to blockage of the urethra. The classic prenatal presentation of LUTO includes megacystis with hydronephrosis. While mild forms of the disease can be associated with favorable outcomes, more severe disease commonly leads to dysplastic changes in the fetal kidneys, and ultimately oligohydramnios, which can result in secondary pulmonary hypoplasia and renal failure at birth. The aim of this review is to provide practitioners with a general overview of the diagnosis and treatment of LUTO based on disease severity, along with some points to consider when counseling prospective parents of fetuses with this condition.
胎儿下尿路梗阻（LUTO）通常会导致显著的围产期发病率和死亡率，它由一组导致尿道阻塞的异质性解剖缺陷引起。LUTO的典型产前表现包括巨膀胱伴肾积水。虽然该疾病的轻度形式可能与良好的预后相关，但更严重的疾病通常会导致胎儿肾脏发育异常改变，并最终导致羊水过少，这可能在出生时导致继发性肺发育不全和肾衰竭。本综述的目的是根据疾病严重程度为从业者提供LUTO诊断和治疗的总体概述，以及在为患有这种疾病的胎儿的准父母提供咨询时需要考虑的一些要点。
