Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, 6140 Grahamstown, South Africa.
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, 6140 Grahamstown, South Africa.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 May 15;151:412-420. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.161. Epub 2020 Feb 16.
Ecklonia maxima, an endemic South African seaweed, is a potential source of beneficial bioactive compounds. Among these compounds, fucoidan, a sulphated polysaccharide has a wide range of bioactivities including anti-diabetic activity. In this study, fucoidan was extracted from E. maxima by the hot water extraction method and then characterised by colorimetric assays for sugar composition. The extraction from E. maxima yielded 6.89% fucoidan which was found to contain 4.45 ± 0.25% L-fucose and 6.01 ± 0.53% sulphate. The water extracted E. maxima fucoidan had a low molecular weight of approximately 10 kDa. Structural studies (FT-IR, NMR and XRD) confirmed the structure and integrity of the fucoidan to be similar to previously studied fucoidans in literature. Finally, the activities of starch digestive enzymes; α-amylase and α-glucosidase, were investigated in the presence of the E. maxima fucoidan extract. Fucoidan from E. maxima was observed to be a potent mixed-type inhibitor of α-glucosidase with an IC range of 0.27-0.31 mg.ml, which was significantly lower than the commercial anti-diabetic standard, acarbose. Our present study demonstrated that fucoidan from E. maxima is a more powerful inhibitor compared to some standard anti-diabetic compounds and thus shows great potential for managing type 2 diabetes.
巨藻（Ecklonia maxima）是一种南非特有的海藻，它是有益生物活性化合物的潜在来源。在这些化合物中，硫酸多糖岩藻聚糖具有广泛的生物活性，包括抗糖尿病活性。在这项研究中，通过热水提取法从巨藻中提取岩藻聚糖，并通过比色法测定糖组成对其进行了表征。从巨藻中提取的岩藻聚糖得率为 6.89%，其中含有 4.45±0.25%的 L-岩藻糖和 6.01±0.53%的硫酸盐。从水中提取的巨藻岩藻聚糖的分子量约为 10 kDa。结构研究（FT-IR、NMR 和 XRD）证实了岩藻聚糖的结构和完整性与文献中以前研究的岩藻聚糖相似。最后，研究了巨藻岩藻聚糖提取物对淀粉消化酶；α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性。从巨藻中提取的岩藻聚糖被观察到是一种有效的α-葡萄糖苷酶混合抑制剂，IC 范围为 0.27-0.31 mg.ml，显著低于商业抗糖尿病标准阿卡波糖。我们目前的研究表明，与一些标准的抗糖尿病化合物相比，巨藻岩藻聚糖具有更强的抑制作用，因此在管理 2 型糖尿病方面具有很大的潜力。
