Gomes Jacinto, Rocha Hugo, Carvalho Carina, Bandeira Victor, Fonseca Carlos, Rosalino Luís Miguel, Cunha Mónica V
National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research (INIAV IP), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, Edifício Principal, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal.
Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2020 Feb 4;11:158-162. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.02.001. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Wild mammals are susceptible to infection by parasites. Although canine leishmaniasis is widely distributed in mainland Portugal, the sylvatic cycle of the parasite remains poorly understood. In this study, the occurrence of in wild carnivores from Portugal was assessed by molecular screening of 132 hunted or accidentally road-killed animals. Spleen samples from Egyptian mongoose, red fox, stone marten, common genet and European badger were tested by amplification of kinetoplastid DNA and ITS1. Five egyptian mongoose were confirmed DNA-positive by kDNA-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of a kDNA amplicon sequence clustered the strain with sequences from Portugal. These results may suggest that strains circulating in wild animals are genetically related with strains from more humanized settings. Exposure of wild carnivores to emphasizes the need of systematic studies to clarify the role of several taxa in the eco-epidemiology of leishmaniasis in Portugal, particularly in areas of carnivore species synanthropy and wherein disease control in the domestic population is inefficient or insufficient.
野生哺乳动物易受寄生虫感染。尽管犬利什曼病在葡萄牙大陆广泛分布，但该寄生虫的野生动物循环仍知之甚少。在本研究中，通过对132只被猎杀或意外路杀的动物进行分子筛查，评估了葡萄牙野生食肉动物中利什曼原虫的感染情况。通过扩增动基体DNA和ITS1对埃及獴、赤狐、石貂、普通灵猫和欧洲獾的脾脏样本进行检测。五只埃及獴通过动基体DNA-PCR被确认为DNA阳性。对一个动基体DNA扩增子序列的系统发育分析将该菌株与来自葡萄牙的序列聚类。这些结果可能表明，在野生动物中传播的利什曼原虫菌株与来自人类活动较多地区的菌株具有遗传相关性。野生食肉动物接触利什曼原虫强调了进行系统研究的必要性，以阐明几种分类群在葡萄牙利什曼病生态流行病学中的作用，特别是在食肉动物与人类共生的地区以及家庭群体疾病控制效率低下或不足的地区。
