Penedo M C, Fowler M E, Bowling A T, Anderson D L, Gordon L
Serology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Anim Genet. 1988;19(3):267-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.1988.tb00815.x.
Blood samples of llamas and alpacas were typed using haemolytic, electrophoretic and isoelectric focusing procedures to assay polymorphism at 13 loci. Blood group variation was assessed using six antibody specificities produced by allo- and heteroimmunizations. Two red cell factors (A and B) behave as autosomal, codominant alleles at a closed A locus. The other four factors (C, D, E and F) behave as autosomal, dominant traits. Biochemical variation was found for red cell enzymes catalase, phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, glucose phosphate isomerase and for plasma proteins transferrin and post-albumin. No variants were found for haemoglobin, phosphoglucomutase and albumin. Estimates of probability of exclusion were 0.883 for llamas and 0.681 for alpacas, which are adequate initial levels of efficacy for purposes of parentage verification. Preliminary estimate of Nei's genetic distance measure (D) suggests that llamas and alpacas are more likely related as subspecies than as separate species.
使用溶血、电泳和等电聚焦程序对美洲驼和羊驼的血样进行分型，以检测13个基因座的多态性。利用同种免疫和异种免疫产生的六种抗体特异性评估血型变异。两个红细胞因子（A和B）在一个封闭的A基因座上表现为常染色体共显性等位基因。其他四个因子（C、D、E和F）表现为常染色体显性性状。发现红细胞酶过氧化氢酶、磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶、磷酸葡萄糖异构酶以及血浆蛋白转铁蛋白和后白蛋白存在生化变异。未发现血红蛋白、磷酸葡萄糖变位酶和白蛋白的变体。美洲驼的排除概率估计为0.883，羊驼为0.681，就亲子关系验证而言，这些是足够的初始效能水平。对Nei遗传距离测量值（D）的初步估计表明，美洲驼和羊驼作为亚种的亲缘关系比作为不同物种的亲缘关系更密切。
