Jokinen Mika, Pittois Karen, van den Akker Suzanne, Gutschoven Inge, Assmuth Tatu, Metz Tapio, Lehtilä Hanna, Alanne Pekka
Department of Chemical Engineering, Turku University of Applied Sciences, Lemminkäisenkatu 30, 20100, Turku, Finland.
Department of Science and Technology, Artesis Plantijn University College, Kronenburgstraat 47, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium.
Cytotechnology. 2020 Apr;72(2):271-282. doi: 10.1007/s10616-020-00376-w. Epub 2020 Feb 19.
The craving for multiphase materials with adjustable properties for mammalian cell encapsulation persists despite intensive research on 3D cell culture and tissue engineering. This interest is incited by the complex interaction between cells and different materials, various manufacturing methods, cell chip applications, and the aspiration to abolish animal experiments. This study aims to show the feasibility of preparing a stable multiphase material for prolonged mammalian cell embedment and 3D cell culture. The material comprises silica as the solid phase, cell culture medium with serum as the main liquid phase and air as the gas phase. The silica sol-cell culture medium-serum mixture was foamed, and it turned into a stable foamed hydrogel. The stability, flow properties and foaming parameters were studied by rheological and surface tension measurements. The viability of embedded cells was studied by measuring the metabolic activity at different time points. Their sensitivity to the surrounding conditions was compared to cells grown in monolayers by exposing them to a toxic compound. A stable foamed hydrogel with cell culture medium as the main liquid phase was prepared. Based on oscillatory measurements, the foamed hydrogel stays stable for at least 6-7 weeks and the embedded mammalian cells remain viable for the same time period. Appropriate surface tension and viscosity were crucial for an at least twofold volume increase by foaming, which is necessary for the mammalian cells to survive and proliferate. A test with a toxic compound reveals a difference in the sensitivity of cells in monolayer cultures versus embedded cells.
尽管对三维细胞培养和组织工程进行了深入研究，但对用于哺乳动物细胞封装的具有可调特性的多相材料的需求仍然存在。细胞与不同材料之间的复杂相互作用、各种制造方法、细胞芯片应用以及废除动物实验的愿望激发了人们的这种兴趣。本研究旨在展示制备一种稳定的多相材料用于长期哺乳动物细胞包埋和三维细胞培养的可行性。该材料包括作为固相的二氧化硅、以血清为主要液相的细胞培养基和作为气相的空气。二氧化硅溶胶 - 细胞培养基 - 血清混合物被发泡，变成了一种稳定的泡沫水凝胶。通过流变学和表面张力测量研究了其稳定性、流动特性和发泡参数。通过测量不同时间点的代谢活性研究了包埋细胞的活力。通过将它们暴露于有毒化合物，将其对周围环境的敏感性与单层培养的细胞进行了比较。制备了一种以细胞培养基为主要液相的稳定泡沫水凝胶。基于振荡测量，泡沫水凝胶至少可稳定6 - 7周，包埋的哺乳动物细胞在同一时间段内保持活力。适当的表面张力和粘度对于发泡使体积至少增加两倍至关重要，这对于哺乳动物细胞的存活和增殖是必要的。一项有毒化合物测试揭示了单层培养细胞与包埋细胞在敏感性上的差异。
