Saliba Sahar, Esseily Rana, Filippa Manuela, Gratier Maya, Grandjean Didier
Laboratoire Ethologie Cognition Développement, UPL, Univ Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France.
Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
Acta Paediatr. 2020 Nov;109(11):2271-2277. doi: 10.1111/apa.15238. Epub 2020 Mar 10.
Little is known about infant-directed speech addressed to preterm infants. The current study investigated the association between changes in preterm infant behavioural states and acoustical qualities of both maternal and paternal infant-directed speech.
The mothers and fathers of 11 preterm infants participated in the study. Parents in turn were asked to talk freely to their infant over a 5-minute period. A total of 72 audio sequences were selected and analysed as a function of the behavioural states.
Acoustic analysis showed that the vocal qualities of both fathers' and mothers' speech were influenced by infant behaviour. Parental infant-directed speech was characterised by higher loudness and spectral related parameters when preterm infants were sleeping, or transiting from one state to another, than when they were awake. Furthermore, loudness and spectral flux were higher in maternal speech than in paternal speech and fathers used higher pitch, jitter and shimmer when they saw their preterm infant in an awake state, demonstrating that alertness in infants modulates the father's voice.
More research is needed to know whether other social partners' vocal qualities may also be related to infant behavioural state as such findings would have implications for clinical practice.
关于针对早产儿的婴儿导向性言语了解甚少。本研究调查了早产婴儿行为状态的变化与母亲和父亲的婴儿导向性言语的声学特征之间的关联。
11名早产儿的父母参与了该研究。要求父母轮流在5分钟内与他们的婴儿自由交谈。共选择了72个音频序列，并根据行为状态进行分析。
声学分析表明，父亲和母亲言语的发声特征均受婴儿行为的影响。与早产儿清醒时相比，当早产儿睡觉时或从一种状态转变为另一种状态时，父母的婴儿导向性言语的特点是响度和频谱相关参数更高。此外，母亲言语的响度和频谱通量高于父亲言语，并且当父亲看到他们的早产儿处于清醒状态时，会使用更高的音高、抖动和闪烁，这表明婴儿的警觉性会调节父亲的声音。
需要更多研究来了解其他社会伙伴的发声特征是否也可能与婴儿行为状态相关，因为这样的发现将对临床实践产生影响。
