Biomechanics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020 May;30(5):878-884. doi: 10.1111/sms.13639. Epub 2020 Mar 10.
Physical preparation of competitive surfers includes substantial dry-land training. It is currently unknown, however, how closely these exercises replicate surfing maneuvers performed in the ocean. This study compared the technique features displayed by surfers when landing simulated aerial maneuvers on land to critical features previously established as necessary for surfers to successfully land aerials in the ocean during competition.
Fourteen competitive surfers (age 20.6 ± 5.7 years, height 178.1 ± 9.50 cm, mass 70.6 ± 10.8 kg) were recruited to perform two variations of a simulated aerial task, a Frontside Air (FA) and Frontside Air Reverse (FAR). Joint ranges of motion (ROM), center of pressure, and apparent gaze data were collected during the landing event. Paired t tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to identify any significant differences in the outcome variables between the two aerial tasks.
Participants displayed 100% and 60% of the critical features associated with successfully landing a FA and FAR, respectively. In both the simulated FA and FAR, participants landed in 1.0-3.7° of dorsiflexion, moving through significantly less ankle joint ROM in the lead limb during the FAR (P < .01). Participants also displayed significantly less knee and hip ROM (P = .002-.048) while landing the FAR compared to the FA.
The simulated FA and FAR tasks are appropriate training tools for surfers to replicate most of the critical features that a surfer should display to successfully land aerial maneuvers in the ocean. These tasks therefore enable surfers to practice these complex movements in a controlled environment.
竞技冲浪者的体能准备包括大量的陆上训练。然而，目前尚不清楚这些练习与冲浪者在海洋中进行冲浪动作的相似度。本研究比较了冲浪者在陆地上模拟空中动作着陆时所表现出的技术特征，与之前确定的冲浪者在海洋中成功完成空中动作着陆的关键特征。
招募了 14 名竞技冲浪者（年龄 20.6±5.7 岁，身高 178.1±9.50 厘米，体重 70.6±10.8 公斤）来执行两种模拟空中动作，前空翻（FA）和前空翻反转（FAR）。在着陆过程中收集关节活动范围（ROM）、中心压力和表观注视数据。使用配对 t 检验或 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验来识别两种空中任务之间的结果变量是否存在显著差异。
参与者在 FA 和 FAR 中分别展示了 100%和 60%的成功着陆所需的关键特征。在模拟的 FA 和 FAR 中，参与者的背屈角度均为 1.0-3.7°，在前 FAR 中，主导腿的踝关节 ROM 明显减少（P<.01）。与 FA 相比，参与者在 FAR 着陆时的膝关节和髋关节 ROM 也明显减少（P=.002-.048）。
模拟的 FA 和 FAR 任务是冲浪者的合适训练工具，可以复制冲浪者在海洋中成功完成空中动作所需的大部分关键特征。因此，这些任务使冲浪者能够在可控环境中练习这些复杂的动作。
