Hung Man Hsin, Wang Xin Wei
Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Bethesda, MD, USA
Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a fatal disease without effective treatment. In recent decades, numbers of molecular profiling studies have improved our understanding of critical oncogenic events driving hepatocarcinogenesis and identified potential molecular targets for drug development in HCC. However, these studies have also revealed the heterogeneous nature of this disease and underscore the impact of intertumoral and/or intratumoral heterogeneity of HCC on a successful treatment. In this chapter, we will summarize common HCC-associated molecular alterations, review data related to molecular heterogeneity, understand what drives the evolution of HCC heterogeneity and how this knowledge would lead us to generate new research directions, and improve the outcome of HCC patients.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是一种没有有效治疗方法的致命疾病。近几十年来，大量的分子谱分析研究增进了我们对驱动肝癌发生的关键致癌事件的理解，并确定了肝癌药物开发的潜在分子靶点。然而，这些研究也揭示了这种疾病的异质性，并强调了肝癌肿瘤间和/或肿瘤内异质性对成功治疗的影响。在本章中，我们将总结常见的与肝癌相关的分子改变，回顾与分子异质性相关的数据，了解驱动肝癌异质性演变的因素，以及这些知识将如何引导我们产生新的研究方向，并改善肝癌患者的治疗结果。
