State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100048, China.
State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100048, China; Department of Biological & Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Jun;261:114173. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114173. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
The application of reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation can effectively reduce the use of freshwater resources including groundwater, addressing the increasingly severe challenge of water shortage. However, reclaimed water irrigation will cause potential pollution risks to groundwater, which needs to be further studied to ensure the safety of reclaimed water irrigation. An integrated quantitative assessment system including the modified DRASTIC model was developed to evaluate the pollution risks caused by reclaimed water irrigation and scientific strategies were offered for the development of reclaimed water irrigation in water shortage areas to avoid groundwater pollution. The groundwater intrinsic vulnerability index, the hazards of the characteristic pollutants, and the groundwater values were quantified to obtain the pollution risks distribution map. In the Beijing plain of north China, the low groundwater pollution risk areas were located in the midstream of Chaobai river baisin, Beiyun river basin, and Yongding river basin, accounting for 48.3% of the total study area. These areas in low pollution risk can be considered as safety areas for reclaimed water irrigation. The moderate groundwater pollution risk areas accounting for 46.9% of the total study area were suggested to apply water-saving irrigation measures for preventing groundwater pollution. The reclaimed water irrigation should be prohibited in the high groundwater pollution risk areas, which accounted for 4.8% of the total study area. This study highlights the reasonable strategy for the development of reclaimed water irrigation in water shortage areas and lay a foundation for finding alternative water sources for agricultural irrigation.
再生水用于农业灌溉可以有效减少包括地下水在内的淡水资源的使用，从而缓解日益严重的水资源短缺问题。但是，再生水灌溉会对地下水造成潜在的污染风险，需要进一步研究以确保再生水灌溉的安全性。本研究建立了包括改进的 DRASTIC 模型在内的综合定量评估体系，用以评估再生水灌溉引起的污染风险，并为缺水地区的再生水灌溉提供了科学的发展策略，以避免地下水污染。量化了地下水固有脆弱性指数、特征污染物的危害和地下水价值，以获得污染风险分布图。在中国北方的北京平原，地下水污染低风险区位于潮白河中游流域、北运河流域和永定河流域，占总研究区的 48.3%。这些低污染风险区可被视为再生水灌溉的安全区。中等地下水污染风险区占总研究区的 46.9%，建议采取节水灌溉措施，防止地下水污染。高地下水污染风险区（占总研究区的 4.8%）应禁止再生水灌溉。本研究强调了缺水地区发展再生水灌溉的合理策略，为寻找农业灌溉替代水源奠定了基础。
