Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 9th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, United States.
Department of Physics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 9th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Apr 1;209:107884. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107884. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
Two often-studied forms of uncertain decision-making (DM) are risky-DM (outcome probabilities known) and ambiguous-DM (outcome probabilities unknown). While DM in general is associated with activation of several brain regions, previous neuroimaging efforts suggest a dissociation between activity linked with risky and ambiguous choices. However, the common and distinct neurobiological correlates associated with risky- and ambiguous-DM, as well as their specificity when compared to perceptual-DM (as a 'control condition'), remains to be clarified. We conducted multiple meta-analyses on neuroimaging results from 151 studies to characterize common and domain-specific brain activity during risky-, ambiguous-, and perceptual-DM. When considering all DM tasks, convergent activity was observed in brain regions considered to be consituents of the canonical salience, valuation, and executive control networks. When considering subgroups of studies, risky-DM (vs. perceptual-DM) was linked with convergent activity in the striatum and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), regions associated with reward-related processes (determined by objective functional decoding). When considering ambiguous-DM (vs. perceptual-DM), activity convergence was observed in the lateral prefrontal cortex and insula, regions implicated in affectively-neutral mental processes (e.g., cognitive control and behavioral responding; determined by functional decoding). An exploratory meta-analysis comparing brain activity between substance users and non-users during risky-DM identified reduced convergent activity among users in the striatum, cingulate, and thalamus. Taken together, these findings suggest a dissociation of brain regions linked with risky- and ambiguous-DM reflecting possible differential functionality and highlight brain alterations potentially contributing to poor decision-making in the context of substance use disorders.
两种常见的不确定决策 (DM) 形式是风险 DM（结果概率已知）和模糊 DM（结果概率未知）。虽然一般的 DM 与几个大脑区域的激活有关，但以前的神经影像学研究表明，与风险和模糊选择相关的活动之间存在分离。然而，与风险和模糊 DM 相关的共同和独特的神经生物学相关性，以及与感知 DM（作为“对照条件”）相比的特异性，仍有待阐明。我们对 151 项研究的神经影像学结果进行了多次荟萃分析，以描述风险、模糊和感知 DM 期间的共同和特定领域的大脑活动。当考虑所有 DM 任务时，在被认为是经典显着性、估值和执行控制网络组成部分的大脑区域中观察到了会聚活动。当考虑研究的子组时，风险 DM（与感知 DM 相比）与纹状体和前扣带皮层（ACC）中的会聚活动有关，这些区域与奖励相关过程有关（由客观功能解码确定）。当考虑模糊 DM（与感知 DM 相比）时，在外侧前额叶皮层和岛叶观察到活动收敛，这些区域与情感中立的心理过程有关（例如，认知控制和行为反应；由功能解码确定）。一项比较风险 DM 期间物质使用者和非使用者大脑活动的探索性荟萃分析发现，使用者在纹状体、扣带和丘脑中的会聚活动减少。综上所述，这些发现表明与风险和模糊 DM 相关的大脑区域的分离反映了可能的功能差异，并强调了潜在导致物质使用障碍背景下决策能力下降的大脑改变。
