Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130021, China.
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 20;10(1):3012. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59980-7.
Surface water is the main source of irrigation and drinking water for rural communities by the Hulan River basin, an important grain-producing region in northeastern China. Understanding the spatial and temporal distribution of water quality and its driving forces is critical for sustainable development and the protection of water resources in the basin. Following sample collection and testing, the spatial distribution and driving forces of water quality were investigated using cluster analysis, hydrochemical feature partitioning, and Gibbs diagrams. The results demonstrated that the surface waters of the Hulan River Basin tend to be medium-weakly alkaline with a low degree of mineralization and water-rock interaction. Changes in topography and land use, confluence, application of pesticides and fertilizers, and the development of tourism were found to be important driving forces affecting the water quality of the basin. Non-point source pollution load fluxes of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were simulated using the Soil Water and Assessment Tool. The simulation demonstrated that the non-point source pollution loading is low upstream and increases downstream. The distributions of N and P loading varied throughout the basin. The findings of this study provide information regarding the spatial distribution of water quality in the region and present a scientific basis for future pollution control.
流域内的地表水是中国东北地区重要粮食产区呼兰河流域农村社区的主要灌溉和饮用水源。了解水质的时空分布及其驱动因素对于流域的可持续发展和水资源保护至关重要。在采样和测试后，利用聚类分析、水化学特征分区和 Gibbs 图对水质的空间分布和驱动因素进行了研究。结果表明，呼兰河流域地表水呈中弱碱性，矿化度和水岩相互作用程度较低。地形和土地利用变化、汇流、农药和化肥的施用以及旅游业的发展被认为是影响流域水质的重要驱动因素。利用土壤水和评估工具模拟了氮（N）和磷（P）的非点源污染负荷通量。模拟结果表明，上游的非点源污染负荷较低，下游则逐渐增加。N 和 P 负荷的分布在整个流域内有所不同。本研究的结果提供了该地区水质空间分布的信息，并为未来的污染控制提供了科学依据。
