Hernández-Crespo Carmen, Fernández-Gonzalvo Miriam, Martín Miguel, Andrés-Doménech Ignacio
Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Sep 20;684:303-313. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.271. Epub 2019 May 21.
Permeable pavements are part of stormwater management practices known as sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS). This study describes the influence of several environmental variables, such as the rainfall regime or the pollution build-up level, on the hydraulic and water quality performance of permeable pavements. Four infiltrometers with different configurations of pavement layers were used to study the influence of two rainfall regimes (Atlantic and Mediterranean) and two rainfall intensities (0.5 and 2.2mm/min). The influence of the progressive pollution build-up level was studied by dry sprinkling of road deposited sediments collected with a mechanical street sweeper with a dose of 5g/m/d. The results show that permeable pavements retained a significant rainwater volume and improved the infiltrated water quality in terms of suspended solids, organic matter and nutrients when compared to the corresponding surface runoff potentially generated from an impervious pavement. The volume of rainwater retained inside them varied between 16 and 66% depending on the variables studied. The water infiltrated from permeable pavements subjected to a Mediterranean rainfall regime contained, in general, higher concentrations of organic matter (22 to 89mg Chemical Oxygen Demand/l) and nutrients (0.6 to 2.1mg Total Nitrogen/l and 0.05 to 0.45mg Total Phosphorus/l) than those under Atlantic regime. However, the latter infiltrated higher loadings in terms of mass. Nitrogen was the substance that infiltrated the most, reaching a 25% of the total mass of nitrogen deposited on the pavements surface. The concentration and mass loading in infiltrated water increased as the pollution build-up level did. The leachability of nutrients and organic matter was greater for high rainfall intensities. The results suggest that it is essential to carry out an adequate cleaning in dry conditions, especially when high intensity rainfall events are foreseen, because of its greater capacity to mobilize pollutants.
透水路面是被称为可持续城市排水系统（SUDS）的雨水管理措施的一部分。本研究描述了几个环境变量，如降雨模式或污染累积水平，对透水路面水力性能和水质性能的影响。使用四个具有不同路面层配置的渗透仪，研究两种降雨模式（大西洋型和地中海型）和两种降雨强度（0.5和2.2毫米/分钟）的影响。通过用机械街道清扫车收集的道路沉积沉积物以5克/平方米/天的剂量进行干式喷洒，研究了污染逐渐累积水平的影响。结果表明，与不透水路面可能产生的相应地表径流相比，透水路面保留了大量雨水，并在悬浮固体、有机物和养分方面改善了入渗水质。根据所研究的变量，其内部保留的雨水量在16%至66%之间变化。一般来说，经历地中海降雨模式的透水路面渗透的水中有机物（化学需氧量22至89毫克/升）和养分（总氮0.6至2.1毫克/升和总磷0.05至0.45毫克/升）的浓度高于大西洋降雨模式下的情况。然而，后者在质量方面的入渗负荷更高。氮是入渗最多的物质，达到路面表面沉积氮总质量的25%。随着污染累积水平的增加，入渗水中的浓度和质量负荷也增加。高降雨强度下养分和有机物的淋溶性更大。结果表明，在干燥条件下进行充分清洁至关重要，特别是当预计有高强度降雨事件时，因为其调动污染物的能力更强。
