Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milan, Italy.
DEI Interactive Systems Group, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 20;10(1):3024. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59979-0.
Recent studies have shown that body-representations can be altered by dynamic changes in sound. In the so-called "auditory Pinocchio illusion" participants feel their finger to be longer when the action of pulling their finger is paired with a rising pitch. Here, we investigated whether preschool children - an age group in which multisensory body-representations are still fine-tuning - are also sensitive to this illusion. In two studies, sixty adult and sixty child participants heard sounds rising or falling in pitch while the experimenter concurrently pulled or pressed their index finger on a vertical (Experiment 1) or horizontal axis (Experiment 2). Results showed that the illusion was subjected to axis and age: both adults and children reported their finger to be longer in Experiment 1, but not in Experiment 2. However, while in adults the feeling of finger elongation corresponded to a recalibration of the fingertip's felt position upwards, this was not the case in children, who presented a dissociation between the feeling of finger elongation and the perceived fingertip position. Our results reveal that the 'auditory Pinocchio illusion' is constrained to the vertical dimension and suggest that multisensory interactions differently contribute to subjective feelings and sense of position depending on developmental stage.
最近的研究表明，身体表象可以通过声音的动态变化而改变。在所谓的“听觉匹诺曹错觉”中，当拉动手指的动作与音高上升配对时，参与者会感觉自己的手指变长。在这里，我们研究了学龄前儿童（一个多感官身体表象仍在微调的年龄组）是否也对这种错觉敏感。在两项研究中，六十名成年参与者和六十名儿童参与者在实验者同时将食指沿垂直（实验 1）或水平轴（实验 2）拉动或按压时，听到音高上升或下降的声音。结果表明，错觉受到轴和年龄的影响：在实验 1 中，成人和儿童都报告说他们的手指变长了，但在实验 2 中没有。然而，虽然在成年人中，手指伸长的感觉对应于指尖感觉位置向上的重新校准，但在儿童中并非如此，他们在手指伸长的感觉和感知指尖位置之间存在分离。我们的研究结果表明，“听觉匹诺曹错觉”受到垂直维度的限制，并表明多感官相互作用根据发育阶段不同，对主观感觉和位置感的贡献也不同。
