Département de biologie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
ISME J. 2020 Jun;14(6):1410-1421. doi: 10.1038/s41396-020-0612-8. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
The ability to measure microbial fitness directly in natural conditions and in interaction with other microbes is a challenge that needs to be overcome if we want to gain a better understanding of microbial fitness determinants in nature. Here we investigate the influence of the natural microbial community on the relative fitness of the North American populations SpB, SpC and SpC* of the wild yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus using DNA barcodes and a soil microcosm derived from soil associated with oak trees. We find that variation in fitness among these genetically distinct groups is influenced by the microbial community. Altering the microbial community load and diversity with an irradiation treatment significantly diminishes the magnitude of fitness differences among populations. Our findings suggest that microbial interactions could affect the evolution of yeast lineages in nature by modulating variation in fitness.
如果我们想要更好地了解自然界中微生物适应度的决定因素，那么直接在自然条件下并与其他微生物相互作用来衡量微生物适应度是一个需要克服的挑战。在这里，我们使用 DNA 条码和源自与橡树相关的土壤的土壤微宇宙来研究自然微生物群落对北美酵母 Saccharomyces paradoxus 的 SpB、SpC 和 SpC* 种群相对适应度的影响。我们发现，这些在遗传上不同的群体之间的适应度变化受到微生物群落的影响。用辐照处理改变微生物群落的负载和多样性会显著降低种群之间适应度差异的幅度。我们的研究结果表明，微生物相互作用可以通过调节适应度的变化来影响自然界中酵母谱系的进化。
