School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
Plant Sci. 2020 Apr;293:110434. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110434. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
The sirtuin family of intracellular enzymes are able to catalyze a unique β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (β-NAD)-dependent N-acyl-lysine deacylation reaction on histone and non-histone protein substrates. Since 2000, the sirtuin family members have been identified in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes; tremendous accomplishments have also been achieved on the mechanistic and functional (pharmacological) understanding of the sirtuin-catalyzed deacylation reaction. Among the eukaryotic organisms, past research has been focused more on the yeast and mammalian sirtuins than on the plant sirtuins, however, the very presence of sirtuins in various plant species and the functional studies on plant sirtuins published thus far attest to the importance of this particular subfamily of eukaryotic sirtuins in regulating the growth and development of plants and their responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this review, an integrated and updated account will be presented on the biochemical, cellular, and functional profiles of all the plant sirtuins identified thus far. It is hoped that this article will also set a stage for expanded efforts in the identification, characterization, and functional interrogation of plant sirtuins; and the development and exploration of their chemical modulators (activators and inhibitors) in plant research and agriculture.
细胞内酶的 sirtuin 家族能够在组蛋白和非组蛋白蛋白底物上催化独特的 β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸 (β-NAD)-依赖性 N-酰基-赖氨酸脱酰反应。自 2000 年以来，原核生物和真核生物中都鉴定出了 sirtuin 家族成员；在 sirtuin 催化的脱酰反应的机制和功能（药理学）理解方面也取得了巨大的成就。在真核生物中，过去的研究更多地集中在酵母和哺乳动物的 sirtuins 上，而不是植物的 sirtuins 上，然而，各种植物物种中 sirtuins 的存在以及迄今为止发表的关于植物 sirtuins 的功能研究证明了这一特定亚家族在调节植物生长和发育及其对生物和非生物胁迫的反应方面的重要性。在这篇综述中，将对迄今为止鉴定出的所有植物 sirtuins 的生化、细胞和功能特征进行综合和更新的描述。希望本文也将为植物 sirtuins 的鉴定、表征和功能研究以及它们在植物研究和农业中的化学调节剂（激活剂和抑制剂）的开发和探索奠定基础。
