Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Master Program on Childhood, Adolescent and Women's Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Interdepartmental Program of Molecular & Clinical Endocrinology, and Women's Endocrine Health, University Hospital, Policlinico Universitario G. Martino, Messina, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Jan;34(1):101377. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2020.101377. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
Many papers evaluated the effect of the environmental, or occupational endocrine disruptors (ED), on the thyroid gland, that can lead to thyroid autoimmunity. A higher prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) was observed in people living in polluted areas near to petrochemical plants, and in petrochemical workers, but also in area contaminated with organochlorine pesticides, or with polychlorinated biphenyls, or near aluminum foundries. The exposure to Hg in chloralkali workers, or in swordfish consumers has been also found to increase AITD prevalence. Vanadium has been shown to increase the inflammatory response of thyrocytes. A beneficial effect of omega-3 fatty acids, and of myo-inositol and selenomethionine have been shown to counteract the appearance of AITD in subjects exposed to environmental or occupational ED. More large studies are needed to investigate the potential roles of ED in the induction of AITD, and of agents or habits that are able to prevent them.
许多研究论文评估了环境或职业内分泌干扰物 (ED) 对甲状腺的影响，这些物质可能导致自身免疫性甲状腺疾病。人们发现，居住在靠近石化厂和石化工人等污染地区、接触有机氯杀虫剂或多氯联苯污染地区或靠近铝铸造厂的人，自身免疫性甲状腺疾病 (AITD) 的患病率更高。在氯碱工人或箭鱼消费者中接触汞也被发现会增加 AITD 的患病率。钒已被证明会增加甲状腺细胞的炎症反应。研究表明，ω-3 脂肪酸、肌醇和硒代蛋氨酸具有有益的作用，可以抵抗暴露于环境或职业内分泌干扰物的个体出现 AITD。需要进行更多的大型研究来调查 ED 在诱导 AITD 中的潜在作用，以及能够预防 AITD 的药物或习惯。
