Lu Shaoping, Aziz Mina, Sturtevant Drew, Chapman Kent D, Guo Liang
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Center for Plant Lipid Research and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2020 Jan 29;10:1744. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01744. eCollection 2019.
() is the world's most widely grown temperate oilseed crop. Although breeding for human consumption has led to removal of erucic acid from refined canola oils, there is renewed interest in the industrial uses of erucic acid derived from , and there is a rich germplasm available for use. Here, low- and high-erucic acid accessions of seeds were examined for the distribution of erucic acid-containing lipids and the gene transcripts encoding the enzymes involved in pathways for its incorporation into triacylglycerols (TAGs) across the major tissues of the seeds. In general, the results indicate that a heterogeneous distribution of erucic acid across seed tissues was contributed by two isoforms (out of six) of ( and a combination of phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT)- and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)-mediated incorporation of erucic acid into TAGs in cotyledonary tissues. An absence of the expression of these two isoforms accounted for the absence of erucic acid in the TAGs of the low-erucic accession.
（油菜）是世界上种植最广泛的温带油料作物。尽管为供人类食用而进行的育种已使精炼菜籽油中去除了芥酸，但人们对源自油菜的芥酸的工业用途重新产生了兴趣，并且有丰富的种质可供利用。在此，对低芥酸和高芥酸油菜种子材料进行了研究，以考察含芥酸脂质的分布以及编码参与芥酸掺入三酰甘油（TAGs）途径的酶的基因转录本在种子主要组织中的情况。总体而言，结果表明，芥酸在油菜种子组织中的异质分布是由两种（六种中的）脂肪酸延长酶亚型（FAE1和FAE2）以及磷脂：二酰甘油酰基转移酶（PDAT）和二酰甘油酰基转移酶（DGAT）介导的芥酸在子叶组织中掺入TAGs共同作用的结果。这两种FAE1亚型表达的缺失导致了低芥酸材料的TAGs中不存在芥酸。
