Testoni Ines, Mauchigna Laura, Marinoni Gaia Luisa, Zamperini Adriano, Bucuță Mihaela, Dima Gabriela
Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Italy.
Department of Journalism, Public Relations, Sociology and Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Romania.
Heliyon. 2019 Dec 24;5(12):e03024. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03024. eCollection 2019 Dec.
In Italy, the problem of asbestos pollution is increasing in severity. In fact, in recent years, the number of people affected by asbestos-related illnesses has been growing because of the fibre's slowly evolving effects and its progressive pollution in the environment adjacent to the places where it is processed. Even though the physical consequences of asbestos are now quite clear, few studies have examined the psychological consequences of this kind of disaster. Since it is difficult to perceive its pathogenicity in daily life, this study was conducted in the affected areas of north-eastern Italy, using the qualitative research in psychology with 51 persons who experienced asbestos-related illnesses (19 sick persons and 37 relatives of sick persons). Their narratives described being rooted in a space contaminated by an invisible enemy. In particular, attention was paid to the consequent , a kind of mourning arising from loss of place attachment. Results of the qualitative analysis revealed how the different phases of the Elisabeth Kubler-Ross DABDA (Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance) model of coping with death constitute such feelings, whereas the dual-process model of Stroebe and Schut emphasised how these people seem to be loss oriented because of their perceived lack of community restoration. A discussion of the relationships between attribution of responsibility, entirely external and mostly inscribed in the DABDA categories of ‛anger' and ‛acceptance', is presented, with further considerations about mourning and the need to improve specific psychological support in this field of environmental disaster.
在意大利，石棉污染问题日益严重。事实上，近年来，由于石棉纤维的影响逐渐显现及其在加工场所周边环境中的持续污染，受石棉相关疾病影响的人数一直在增加。尽管石棉对身体造成的后果现在已相当明确，但很少有研究探讨这类灾难所带来的心理影响。由于在日常生活中难以察觉其致病性，本研究在意大利东北部的受灾地区开展，采用心理学定性研究方法，对51名患有石棉相关疾病的人（19名患者和37名患者亲属）进行了调查。他们的叙述表明自己深陷于一个被无形敌人污染的空间。特别值得关注的是随之而来的一种因失去场所依恋而产生的哀伤。定性分析结果揭示了伊丽莎白·库伯勒 - 罗斯应对死亡的DABDA（否认、愤怒、讨价还价、抑郁、接受）模型的不同阶段是如何构成这些感受的，而斯特罗贝和舒特的双过程模型则强调，由于这些人感觉缺乏社区恢复，他们似乎更倾向于关注损失。本文讨论了责任归因之间的关系，这种归因完全是外部的，主要体现在DABDA模型的“愤怒”和“接受”类别中，并进一步思考了哀伤以及在这一环境灾难领域改善特定心理支持的必要性。
