Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Indian Head Research Farm, Indian Head, SK S0G 2K0, Canada.
Tree Physiol. 2020 May 11;40(5):652-666. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa017.
Globally, soil salinization is becoming increasingly prevalent, due to local hydrogeologic phenomena, climate change and anthropogenic activities. This has significantly curtailed current world food production and limits future production potential. In the prairie region of North America, sulfate salts, rather than sodium chloride, are often the predominant cause of soil degradation. In order to amend soil quality, revegetate salt-affected sites and recover economic loss associated with soil salinization, the establishment of short-rotation coppice plantations with willows (Salix spp.) has been suggested as a possible solution. To screen for the best candidates for such an application, 20 hybrid and 16 native willow genotypes were treated with three different salt conditions for 3 months. The treatments were designed to reflect the salt composition and concentrations on North American prairies. Under moderate salinity treatment (7 dS m-1), hybrid willows had better growth, as they established quickly while managing salt transport and mineral nutrition balance. However, native willows showed higher potential for long-term survival under severe salinity treatment (14 dS m-1), showing a lower sodium:potassium ratio in roots and better photosynthetic performance. Two native willow genotypes with high osmotic and salinity tolerance indices, specifically LAR-10 and MJW-9, are expected to show superior potential for remediating salt-affected sites. In addition, we observed significantly higher sulfate/sulfur concentrations in both leaf and root tissues in response to the severe salinity treatment, shedding light on the effect of sulfate salinity on sulfate uptake, and potentially sulfur metabolism in plants.
全球范围内，由于局部水文地质现象、气候变化和人为活动等因素，土壤盐渍化问题日益严重，这极大地限制了当前世界粮食生产，并限制了未来的生产潜力。在北美草原地区，硫酸盐盐而不是氯化钠通常是导致土壤退化的主要原因。为了改善土壤质量、在受盐影响的地区重新植被并恢复与土壤盐渍化相关的经济损失，人们建议建立柳树（Salix spp.）短轮伐期萌生林作为一种可能的解决方案。为了筛选出这种应用的最佳候选者，对 20 种杂交和 16 种本地柳树基因型进行了 3 个月的 3 种不同盐处理。这些处理旨在反映北美草原上的盐分组成和浓度。在中度盐度处理（7 dS m-1）下，杂交柳树的生长情况较好，因为它们能够快速建立，同时管理盐的运输和矿物质营养平衡。然而，在严重盐度处理（14 dS m-1）下，本地柳树表现出更高的长期生存潜力，其根部的钠钾比更低，光合作用表现更好。两种具有高渗透和耐盐指数的本地柳树基因型，即 LAR-10 和 MJW-9，预计在修复受盐影响的地区方面具有更好的潜力。此外，我们观察到在严重盐度处理下，叶片和根部组织中的硫酸盐/硫浓度显著升高，这揭示了硫酸盐盐对硫酸盐吸收的影响，以及植物中硫酸盐代谢的潜在影响。
