Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute (PIWet), Al. Partyzantow 57, Pulawy, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 May 15;717:137222. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137222. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
In recent years interest in the fate of chemical compounds in the aquatic environment has increased. There are many reports of the presence of chemical compounds such as pesticides, steroid hormones or antibiotics in the aquatic environment. At present, little is known about synthetic organic dyes as contaminants of water bodies. These dyes are omnipresent in many application areas from the textile, tannery, cosmetic and food industries to human and veterinary medicine. Their large-scale production and widespread applications have caused synthetic organic dyes to permeate into different compartments of water and soil environment. So far, dyes have been determined in environmental samples such as water, suspended particulate matters, sediment and wild fish. For this reason, they are considered micropollutants of aquatic ecosystems. Due to the toxicological properties and pharmacological activity of some synthetic organic dyes their occurrence in water bodies should be monitored. The hazard potential of synthetic organic dyes should be assessed, especially their influence on aquatic biota, not least because dyes in water ecosystems may pose a threat to animal or human health as higher-order consumers. This review collects scientific data considering application areas, toxicity, sources, environmental occurrence and the fate of synthetic organic dyes and the ecological implications of synthetic organic dyes presence in the total environment. Moreover, analytical methods for dye determination and methods for dye removal from wastewater are described.
近年来，人们对水体中化学化合物命运的兴趣日益增加。有许多报道称，水体中存在农药、甾体激素或抗生素等化学化合物。目前，人们对作为水体污染物的合成有机染料知之甚少。这些染料广泛存在于纺织、制革、化妆品和食品工业以及人类和兽医医学等许多应用领域。它们的大规模生产和广泛应用导致合成有机染料渗透到水和土壤环境的不同隔室中。到目前为止，已经在水、悬浮颗粒物、沉积物和野生鱼类等环境样本中检测到了染料。因此，它们被认为是水生生态系统的微量污染物。由于一些合成有机染料具有毒理学性质和药理学活性，因此应该监测其在水体中的存在。应该评估合成有机染料的危害潜力，特别是它们对水生生物群的影响，尤其是因为水生态系统中的染料可能对动物或人类健康构成威胁，因为它们是更高层次的消费者。本综述收集了考虑应用领域、毒性、来源、环境出现以及合成有机染料在整个环境中的存在意义的科学数据。此外，还描述了用于染料测定的分析方法和从废水中去除染料的方法。
