Fraunhofer-Institut für Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, 65926, Frankfurt, Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institut für Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Fraunhofer Institut für Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2020 May;76:103353. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103353. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
Nanomaterials have gained huge importance in various fields including nanomedicine. Nanoformulations of drugs and nanocarriers are used to increase pharmaceutical potency. However, it was seen that polymeric nanomaterials can cause negative effects. Thus, it is essential to identify nanomaterials with the least adverse effects on aquatic organisms. To determine the toxicity of polymeric nanomaterials, we investigated the effects of poly(lactic-co-glycolid) acid (PLGA), Eudragit® E 100 and hydroxylpropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) on zebrafish embryos using the fish embryo toxicity test (FET). Furthermore, we studied Cremophor® RH40, Cremophor® A25, Pluronic® F127 and Pluronic® F68 applied in the generation of nanoformulations to identify the surfactant with minimal toxic impact. The order of ecotoxicty was HPMCP < PLGA < Eudragit® E100 and Pluronic® F68 < Pluronic® F127 < Cremophor® RH40 < Cremophor® A25. In summary, HPMCP and Pluronic® F68 displayed the least toxic impact, thus suggesting adequate environmental compatibility for the generation of nanomedicines.
纳米材料在包括纳米医学在内的各个领域都具有重要意义。药物的纳米制剂和纳米载体被用于提高药物效力。然而，已经发现聚合纳米材料可能会产生负面影响。因此，确定对水生生物影响最小的纳米材料至关重要。为了确定聚合纳米材料的毒性，我们使用鱼类胚胎毒性测试（FET）研究了聚（乳酸-共-乙醇酸）（PLGA）、Eudragit® E 100 和羟丙基甲基纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯（HPMCP）对斑马鱼胚胎的影响。此外，我们研究了在纳米制剂生成中应用的 Cremophor® RH40、Cremophor® A25、Pluronic® F127 和 Pluronic® F68，以确定具有最小毒性影响的表面活性剂。生态毒性的顺序为 HPMCP < PLGA < Eudragit® E100 和 Pluronic® F68 < Pluronic® F127 < Cremophor® RH40 < Cremophor® A25。总之，HPMCP 和 Pluronic® F68 显示出最小的毒性影响，因此表明它们在生成纳米药物方面具有足够的环境相容性。
