Laboratory of Pomology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thermi, Greece.
Institute of Soil and Water Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, Thessaloniki, 57001, Greece.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2020 Apr;149:233-244. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.017. Epub 2020 Feb 13.
Despite the application of girdling technique for several centuries, its impact on the metabolic shifts that underly fruit biology remains fragmentary. To characterize the influence of girdling on sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruit development and ripening, second-year-old shoots of the cultivars 'Lapins' and 'Skeena' were girdled before full blossom. Fruit characteristics were evaluated across six developmental stages (S), from green-small fruit (stage S1) to full ripe stage (stage S6). In both cultivars, girdling significantly altered the fruit ripening physiognomy. Time course fruit metabolomic along with proteomic approaches unraveled common and cultivar-specific responses to girdling. Notably, several primary and secondary metabolites, such as soluble sugars (glucose, trehalose), alcohol (mannitol), phenolic compounds (rutin, naringenin-7-O-glucoside), including anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, cyanidin-3.5-O-diglucoside) were accumulated by girdling, while various amino acids (glycine, threonine, asparagine) were decreased in both cultivars. Proteins predominantly associated with ribosome, DNA repair and recombination, chromosome, membrane trafficking, RNA transport, oxidative phosphorylation, and redox homeostasis were depressed in fruits of both girdled cultivars. This study provides the first system-wide datasets concerning metabolomic and proteomic changes in girdled fruits, which reveal that shoot girdling may induce long-term changes in sweet cherry metabolism.
尽管环割技术已经应用了几个世纪，但它对果实生物学基础代谢变化的影响仍然是零散的。为了研究环割对甜樱桃（Prunus avium L.）果实发育和成熟的影响，在盛花期前对‘Lapins’和‘Skeena’两个品种的二年生枝条进行环割。在六个发育阶段（S）评估果实特征，从绿小果（阶段 S1）到完全成熟阶段（阶段 S6）。在两个品种中，环割显著改变了果实成熟的表型。沿时间进程的果实代谢组学和蛋白质组学方法揭示了对环割的共同和品种特异性反应。值得注意的是，几种初级和次级代谢物，如可溶性糖（葡萄糖、海藻糖）、醇（甘露醇）、酚类化合物（芦丁、柚皮苷-7-O-葡萄糖苷），包括花色苷（矢车菊素-3-O-芸香糖苷、矢车菊素-3-O-半乳糖苷、矢车菊素-3.5-O-双葡萄糖苷），在环割后积累，而两种品种中的各种氨基酸（甘氨酸、苏氨酸、天冬酰胺）减少。与核糖体、DNA 修复和重组、染色体、膜运输、RNA 转运、氧化磷酸化和氧化还原稳态相关的蛋白质在两个环割品种的果实中均被抑制。本研究提供了关于环割果实代谢组学和蛋白质组学变化的首个系统数据集，表明枝条环割可能会引起甜樱桃代谢的长期变化。
