School of the Environment, Geography & Geosciences, University of Portsmouth, Buckingham Building, PO1 3HE, UK.
School of the Environment, Geography & Geosciences, University of Portsmouth, Buckingham Building, PO1 3HE, UK.
J Adolesc. 2020 Apr;80:73-83. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.02.002. Epub 2020 Feb 18.
There are concerns about young people's increasing use of social media and the effects this has on overall life satisfaction. Establishing the significance of social media use requires researchers to take simultaneous account of other factors that might be influential and it is essential to adopt a longitudinal perspective to investigate temporal patterns.
Measures of happiness for children aged 10-15 from 7 waves of the UK Household Longitudinal Study were examined (n = 7596). Multilevel models were used to assess the relative association between these measures, children's social media use and individual, household and community characteristics.
High use of social media was found to be significantly associated with change in happiness scores but was not associated with worsening life satisfaction trajectories. The most consistent factor was gender, with girls experiencing the largest decline in happiness between two time points (0.18 points) and being more likely to have a worsening trajectory over time (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.36-2.32). Parental mental health, household support and household income were also important.
Moderate use of social media does not play an important role in shaping children's life satisfaction. Higher levels of use is associated with lower levels of happiness, especially for girls but more research is needed to understand how this technology is being used. As well as focusing on high levels of social media use, policy makers should also concentrate on particular demographic groupings and factors affecting the social fabric of the households in which children grow up.
人们对年轻人越来越多地使用社交媒体以及这对整体生活满意度的影响感到担忧。确定社交媒体使用的意义要求研究人员同时考虑其他可能有影响的因素，并且必须采用纵向视角来研究时间模式。
从英国家庭纵向研究的 7 个波次中对 10-15 岁儿童的幸福感进行了测量（n=7596）。使用多层次模型来评估这些措施、儿童社交媒体使用与个人、家庭和社区特征之间的相对关联。
发现高度使用社交媒体与幸福感得分的变化显著相关，但与生活满意度轨迹的恶化无关。最一致的因素是性别，女孩在两个时间点之间幸福感下降最大（0.18 分），并且随着时间的推移更有可能出现轨迹恶化（OR 1.77，95% CI 1.36-2.32）。父母的心理健康、家庭支持和家庭收入也很重要。
适度使用社交媒体在塑造儿童的生活满意度方面没有起到重要作用。更高水平的使用与更低的幸福感相关，尤其是对女孩，但需要更多的研究来了解这种技术是如何被使用的。政策制定者不仅应关注高水平的社交媒体使用，还应关注特定的人口群体和影响儿童成长家庭社会结构的因素。
