Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, No 388, Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Geological Environment Monitoring Institute of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450006, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 May;27(13):15716-15728. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08054-2. Epub 2020 Feb 21.
Environmental problems caused by mines have been increasing. As one of the most serious types of mining damage caused to the eco-environment, open pits have been the focus of monitoring and management. Previous studies have obtained effective results when evaluating the ecological quality of a mining area by using the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI). However, the calculation of RSEI does not consider that the ecological environmental impact is limited under natural conditions. To overcome this shortcoming, this paper proposes an improved RSEI based on a moving window model, namely the moving window-based remote sensing ecological index (MW-RSEI). This improved index is more in agreement with the First Law of Geography than RSEI. This study uses Landsat ETM/OLI/TIRS images to extract MW-RSEI information of a case area in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, central China, in 2009 and 2018. The results revealed that the average value of MW-RSEI declined from 0.668 to 0.611 from 2009 to 2018, and the main drivers of the deterioration of the eco-environment were land use/cover (LUCC) changes, most of which were derived from urban expansion and mining. The serious impact of open pits on the eco-environment in mining areas is mainly due to their low vegetation cover; therefore, some effectively managed open pits can have a positive impact on the mining environment. The use of MW-RSEI provides valuable information on the eco-environment surrounding the open pit, which can be used for the rapid and effective monitoring of the eco-environment in mining areas.
矿业引发的环境问题日益增多。露天采矿作为对生态环境破坏最严重的矿山类型之一，一直是监测和管理的重点。先前的研究通过使用遥感生态指数（RSEI）评估矿区的生态质量已取得了有效的结果。然而，RSEI 的计算没有考虑到在自然条件下生态环境的影响是有限的。为了克服这一缺点，本文提出了一种基于移动窗口模型的改进 RSEI，即基于移动窗口的遥感生态指数（MW-RSEI）。与 RSEI 相比，该改进指数更符合地理学第一定律。本研究利用 Landsat ETM/OLI/TIRS 图像，于 2009 年和 2018 年从中提取了中国中部河南省郑州市案例区的 MW-RSEI 信息。结果表明，MW-RSEI 的平均值从 2009 年的 0.668 下降到 2018 年的 0.611，生态环境恶化的主要驱动因素是土地利用/覆盖（LUCC）变化，主要来源于城市扩张和采矿。露天采矿对矿区生态环境的严重影响主要是由于其植被覆盖率低；因此，一些经过有效管理的露天采矿可以对采矿环境产生积极影响。MW-RSEI 的使用为露天采矿区周边生态环境提供了有价值的信息，可用于快速有效地监测矿区生态环境。
