CDK7 抑制剂与酪氨酸激酶抑制剂联合治疗对 MYCN 扩增神经母细胞瘤发挥协同抗癌作用。

Combination therapy with the CDK7 inhibitor and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor exerts synergistic anticancer effects against MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma.

机构信息

Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.

School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.

出版信息

Int J Cancer. 2020 Oct 1;147(7):1928-1938. doi: 10.1002/ijc.32936. Epub 2020 Mar 16.

Abstract

Patients with neuroblastoma due to MYCN oncogene amplification and consequent N-Myc oncoprotein overexpression have very poor prognosis. The cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7)/super-enhancer inhibitor THZ1 suppresses MYCN gene transcription, reduces neuroblastoma cell proliferation, but does not cause significant cell death. The protein kinase phosphatase 1 nuclear targeting subunit (PNUTS) has recently been shown to interact with c-Myc protein and suppresses c-Myc protein degradation. Here we screened the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-Approved Oncology Drugs Set V from the National Cancer Institute, and identified tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), including ponatinib and lapatinib, as the Approved Oncology Drugs exerting the best synergistic anticancer effects with THZ1 in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells. Combination therapy with THZ1 and ponatinib or lapatinib synergistically induced neuroblastoma cell apoptosis, while having little effects in normal nonmalignant cells. Differential gene expression analysis identified PNUTS as one of the genes most synergistically reduced by the combination therapy. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analyses confirmed that THZ1 and the TKIs synergistically downregulated PNUTS mRNA and protein expression and reduced N-Myc protein but not N-Myc mRNA expression. In addition, PNUTS knockdown resulted in decreased N-Myc protein but not mRNA expression and decreased MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell proliferation and survival. As CDK7 inhibitors are currently under clinical evaluation in patients, our data suggest the addition of the TKI ponatinib or lapatinib in CDK7 inhibitor clinical trials in patients.

摘要

由于 MYCN 癌基因扩增和随之而来的 N-Myc 癌蛋白过表达而患有神经母细胞瘤的患者预后非常差。细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶 7(CDK7)/超级增强子抑制剂 THZ1 抑制 MYCN 基因转录,减少神经母细胞瘤细胞增殖,但不会导致明显的细胞死亡。蛋白激酶磷酸酶 1 核靶向亚基(PNUTS)最近已被证明与 c-Myc 蛋白相互作用并抑制 c-Myc 蛋白降解。在这里,我们筛选了美国国立癌症研究所的美国食品和药物管理局批准的肿瘤药物集 V,发现酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs),包括 ponatinib 和 lapatinib,是与 THZ1 在 MYCN 扩增的神经母细胞瘤细胞中发挥最佳协同抗癌作用的批准肿瘤药物。THZ1 与 ponatinib 或 lapatinib 的联合治疗协同诱导神经母细胞瘤细胞凋亡,而对正常非恶性细胞的影响很小。差异基因表达分析确定 PNUTS 是组合疗法最协同降低的基因之一。逆转录聚合酶链反应和免疫印迹分析证实,THZ1 和 TKIs 协同地下调 PNUTS mRNA 和蛋白表达,并降低 N-Myc 蛋白但不降低 N-Myc mRNA 表达。此外,PNUTS 敲低导致 N-Myc 蛋白减少但 mRNA 表达不变,降低了 MYCN 扩增的神经母细胞瘤细胞增殖和存活。由于 CDK7 抑制剂目前正在患者中进行临床评估,我们的数据表明,在 CDK7 抑制剂临床试验中加入 TKI ponatinib 或 lapatinib 对患者有益。

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