Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali (DI4A), University of Udine, Via Sondrio, 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Meat Sci. 2020 May;163:108086. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108086. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
Cardoon meal is a by-product retained after oil extraction from the seeds of cultivated Cynara cardunculus var. altilis that has been proposed as a valuable resource for animal feeding. The study aimed to assess the influence of its dietary inclusion on volatile profile and flavour of meat and kidney fat from lambs. Fifteen Sarda × Comisana male lambs were randomly divided in two groups and fed for 75 days with a concentrate-based diet containing 15% cardoon meal (CMD, n = 7) or dehydrated alfalfa (CON, n = 8). Cardoon meal inclusion reduced the "barnyard/animal" odour perceived by a trained panel in kidney fat, which could be associated with the aromatic compound p-cresol (4-methylphenol), detected only in CON diet. Considering the other aroma volatiles regarded as the main contributors for the characteristic lamb flavour, both diets were characterized by moderate to low levels of 4-methyloctanoic acid, skatole and indole while 4-methylnonanoic acid and 4-ethyloctanoic acid were not detected.
蓟粉是从栽培的蓟（Cynara cardunculus var. altilis）种子中提取油后保留的副产物，被提议作为动物饲料的有价值资源。本研究旨在评估其在日粮中的添加对羔羊肉和肾脂挥发性特征和风味的影响。15 只撒丁 × 科曼奇雄性羔羊被随机分为两组，分别用含有 15%蓟粉（CMD，n = 7）或脱水紫花苜蓿（CON，n = 8）的浓缩饲料喂养 75 天。蓟粉的添加减少了经过训练的小组在肾脂中感知到的“谷仓/动物”气味，这可能与仅在 CON 日粮中检测到的芳香化合物对甲酚（4-甲基苯酚）有关。考虑到被认为是特征性羊肉风味主要贡献者的其他香气挥发物，两种日粮均具有中等至低水平的 4-甲基辛酸、粪臭素和吲哚，而 4-甲基壬酸和 4-乙基辛酸则未检出。
