Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Viale F. De Blasio, 5, 70132 Bari, Italy.
Water Research Institute (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 May 20;718:137298. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137298. Epub 2020 Feb 13.
Reuse of treated wastewater for crop irrigation has been widely adopted to mitigate the effects of water scarcity on agricultural yields and to help preserving the integrity of aquatic ecosystems. This paper presents the outcomes of one-year monitoring of a full-scale agro-industrial wastewater treatment plant designed for water reuse, with a multistage tertiary treatment based on sand filtration, membrane ultrafiltration, storage and on-demand UV disinfection. We aimed to test flow cytometry as a monitoring tool to provide on-site indications on tertiary treatment performances and on the quality of treated wastewater along the treatment scheme. Membrane ultrafiltration retained prokaryotic cells and E. coli (>3 log). During storage of treated effluents, a significant decay of E. coli was observed together with the growth of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and the UV disinfection was effective only against fecal indicators. The microbial quality of the treated effluent was comparable to the control groundwater locally used for irrigation. On-site rapid assessments by flow cytometry allowed unveiling crucial aspects affecting the microbiological quality of ultrafiltration permeate and treated effluent immediately after sampling, including plant operating performances and microbial removal patterns across the treatment train.
经处理的废水再利用已广泛用于缓解水资源短缺对农业产量的影响，并有助于保护水生态系统的完整性。本文介绍了一个为期一年的规模化农业工业废水处理厂的监测结果，该处理厂采用多级三级处理，基于砂滤、膜超滤、储存和按需紫外线消毒。我们旨在测试流式细胞术作为一种监测工具，以提供有关三级处理性能和处理方案中处理后废水质量的现场指示。膜超滤保留了原核细胞和大肠杆菌（>3 对数）。在处理废水储存期间，观察到大肠杆菌的显著衰减以及原核和真核细胞的生长，紫外线消毒仅对粪便指标有效。处理后的废水的微生物质量与当地用于灌溉的对照地下水相当。流式细胞术的现场快速评估揭示了在采样后立即影响超滤渗透液和处理后废水微生物质量的关键方面，包括工厂运行性能和处理过程中的微生物去除模式。
