Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b Street, 02097 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Disaster Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61 Street, 02091 Warsaw, Poland.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2020 Apr 16;55(3):278-283. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa013.
An integral part of the World Health Organization (WHO) plan to reduce suicide by 10% by 2020 is to identify areas and demographic groups, which should be priority target groups for preventive activities. This study aimed to present the demographic differences between victims of suicide by hanging in the Warsaw metropolitan area, in Poland, by examining the sobriety of victims.
Data for analysis were obtained from the documentation of the Department of Forensic Medicine (DFM) at the Medical University of Warsaw (MUW). The retrospective analysis included 358 out of 466 victims of suicides by hanging in the Warsaw metropolitan area, in Poland, recorded in the DFM documentation covering 2011-2013. The data gathered included age, gender, the cause of death, a post-mortem examination as well as the level of ethanol in the blood and muscles of victims.
In both groups, men accounted for a larger percentage of victims than women, P = 0.068. In the no-alcohol group, the victims were older than in the alcohol group (47.52 ± 19.21 vs. 40.88 ± 12.77) (P < 0.001). The majority of the studied population were victims aged 25-34 (22.90%), mainly men (20.95%). Young men were also the largest group among victims in the alcohol group (28.33%). The most numerous age group among no-alcohol group were older victims aged 55-64 (19.10%), especially men (16.29%).
Regardless of sobriety, men were the largest group of suicide victims in the study population, which means that men die suicide more often than women. Differences in gender proportions are related to age. In the studied population, it was primarily young victims, mainly men. These are the groups that should be priority target groups for preventive activities aimed at reducing the number of suicides. The presence of ethanol in more than half of the victims of suicide in the study population indicates that alcohol is an important suicidal risk factor.
世界卫生组织（WHO）计划到 2020 年将自杀率降低 10%，其中一个重要部分是确定应优先开展预防活动的地区和人群。本研究旨在通过检查受害者的清醒程度，展示波兰华沙大都市区上吊自杀受害者的人口统计学差异。
分析数据来自波兰华沙医科大学法医系（DFM）的记录。回顾性分析包括 2011 年至 2013 年 DFM 记录的华沙大都市区 466 例上吊自杀受害者中的 358 例。收集的数据包括年龄、性别、死因、尸检以及受害者血液和肌肉中的乙醇含量。
在男女两组中，男性受害者比例均高于女性，P=0.068。在无酒精组中，受害者年龄大于酒精组（47.52±19.21 岁比 40.88±12.77 岁）（P<0.001）。研究人群中，25-34 岁的受害者（22.90%）居多，主要为男性（20.95%）。酒精组中，年轻男性也是最大的受害者群体（28.33%）。无酒精组中，55-64 岁的老年受害者最多（19.10%），尤其是男性（16.29%）。
无论是否清醒，男性都是研究人群中最大的自杀受害者群体，这意味着男性自杀的比例高于女性。性别比例的差异与年龄有关。在研究人群中，主要是年轻男性受害者。这些群体应成为旨在减少自杀人数的预防活动的优先目标群体。研究人群中超过一半的自杀受害者血液中含有乙醇，这表明酒精是一个重要的自杀风险因素。
