School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, South China Normal University, Shipai Road, Guangdong 510631, China.
College of education, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
J Affect Disord. 2020 Mar 15;265:139-145. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.038. Epub 2020 Jan 14.
The association between parent-child depression following disasters has been well documented. However, longitudinal studies of posttraumatic depression using parent-child dyadic are scarce. This study aimed to investigate inter-related effects between parent and child depression, as well as predictors of depressive symptoms, in a large sample of Wenchuan earthquake survivors.
Data are from the Wenchuan Earthquake Adolescent Health Cohort (WEAHC) Study that included 685 parent-child dyads exposed to the earthquake. Depression was assessed with the Self-Rating Depression Scale (for parents) and Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children, at 12 (T) and 18 months (T) post-earthquake. Longitudinal actor-partner interdependence models (APIMs) were employed to examine depression within dyads. Predictors of depressive symptoms were assessed by the cart algorithm throughout the 6-month follow-up.
Adjusting for earthquake exposure and previous depressive symptoms, parents' depression at 12 months predicted children's depressive symptoms at 18 months, and vice versa (β = 0.14 for parents and β = 0.12 for children). Psychomotor retardation in parents, and dysphoria/social isolation and positive affect in children were identified as crucial screening indicators identifying parents and children at increased risk for depression.
A bidirectional association was found between parent and child depression following a mass disaster. Both parent and child depression status should be examined when implementing interventions to identify and treat depression in earthquake survivors.
灾难后父母与子女抑郁的关联已得到充分证实。然而，使用亲子对偶进行创伤后抑郁的纵向研究却很少。本研究旨在调查汶川地震幸存者中大量样本中父母与子女抑郁之间的相互关联影响，以及抑郁症状的预测因素。
数据来自汶川地震青少年健康队列（WEAHC）研究，该研究包括 685 对暴露于地震的亲子对。使用自我评定抑郁量表（父母）和儿童抑郁自评量表在地震后 12 个月（T）和 18 个月（T）时评估抑郁。采用纵向演员-伙伴相互依存模型（APIM）在对子内检查抑郁。通过 cart 算法在整个 6 个月的随访期间评估抑郁症状的预测因素。
调整地震暴露和以前的抑郁症状后，父母在 12 个月时的抑郁状况预测了孩子在 18 个月时的抑郁状况，反之亦然（父母为 0.14，孩子为 0.12）。父母的精神运动迟缓，以及孩子的烦躁/社会孤立和积极情绪被确定为识别父母和孩子患抑郁症风险增加的重要筛选指标。
在大规模灾难后发现了父母与子女抑郁之间的双向关联。在实施干预措施以识别和治疗地震幸存者的抑郁时，应同时检查父母和子女的抑郁状况。
