Bristol-Myers Squibb, Global Health, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States.
ACS Infect Dis. 2020 Apr 10;6(4):662-671. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00469. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
Neglected parasitic helminth diseases such as onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis affect an estimated 145 million people worldwide, creating a serious health burden in endemic areas such as sub-Saharan Africa and India. Although these diseases are not usually lethal, these filarial nematodes, transmitted by blood-feeding insect vectors, cause severe debilitation and cause chronic disability to infected individuals. The adult worms can reproduce from 5 to up to 14 years, releasing millions of microfilariae, juvenile worms, over an infected individual's lifetime. The current treatments for controlling human filarial infections is focused on killing microfilariae, the earliest larval stage. Currently, there is an unmet medical need for treatments consisting of a macrofilaricidal regimen, one that targets the adult stage of the parasite, to increase the rate of elimination, allow for safe use in coendemic regions of and , and to provide a rapid method to resolve reinfections. Herein, recent approaches for targeting human filarial diseases are discussed, including direct acting agents to target parasitic nematodes and antibacterial approaches to target the endosymbiotic bacteria, .
被忽视的寄生虫蠕虫病，如盘尾丝虫病和淋巴丝虫病，估计影响全球 1.45 亿人，在撒哈拉以南非洲和印度等流行地区造成严重的健康负担。尽管这些疾病通常不致命，但这些通过吸血昆虫传播的丝虫会导致严重的虚弱，并导致受感染个体出现慢性残疾。成虫可以繁殖 5 到 14 年，在受感染者的一生中释放数百万条微丝蚴，即幼体蠕虫。目前控制人体丝虫感染的治疗方法主要集中在杀死微丝蚴，即最早的幼虫阶段。目前，迫切需要一种针对寄生虫成虫阶段的大丝虫杀灭方案的治疗方法，以提高清除率，允许在和 等共同流行地区安全使用，并提供一种快速解决再感染的方法。本文讨论了针对人体丝虫病的最新方法，包括针对寄生线虫的直接作用剂和针对内共生细菌的抗菌方法。
