Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto 38068, Italy.
Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto 38068, Italy.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2020 Jun;194:104812. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2020.104812. Epub 2020 Feb 21.
When asked to say whether an agent is morally good or bad, younger preschoolers tend to rely more on the outcomes of agents' actions than on agents' intentions, whereas older children show the opposite bias. Children aged 3 to 5 years were examined with a novel task that facilitated the selection and expression of response by means of response generation training. In two experiments, we found that 3-year-olds succeeded in generating intent-based judgments when the task was simplified, whereas older preschoolers succeeded also without the help of response generation training. Results are inconsistent with views positing a conceptual change occurring in the moral domain at about 4 years of age and provide support for alternative accounts positing conceptual continuity.
当被要求判断一个代理人是道德上的善或恶时，年幼的学龄前儿童往往更依赖于代理人行为的结果，而不是代理人的意图，而年龄较大的儿童则表现出相反的偏见。通过一项新的任务，对 3 至 5 岁的儿童进行了测试，该任务通过响应生成训练促进了响应的选择和表达。在两项实验中，我们发现，当任务简化时，3 岁的儿童能够成功地进行基于意图的判断，而年龄较大的学龄前儿童即使没有响应生成训练的帮助也能成功。结果与认为 4 岁左右道德领域会发生概念变化的观点不一致，并为假设概念连续性的替代解释提供了支持。
