Ossei Inna, Buabeng Kwame Ohene, Ossei Paul Poku Sampene, Nguah Samuel Blay, Ayibor William Gilbert, Anto Berko Panyin, Eric Agyemang-Duah, Duwiejua Mahama
Department of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Heliyon. 2020 Feb 19;6(2):e03408. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03408. eCollection 2020 Feb.
Uncorrected congenital heart lesions in children keep them in a state of constant hypoxia with compromised quality of life and reduced life expectancy. This requires early diagnosis and interventions including prevention and treatment of the resultant anaemia. Unfortunately, congenital heart disease (CHD) often goes unrecognized and thus untreated.
We determined the occurrence of CHD in children below 15 years at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), assessed the prevalence of relative iron deficiency anaemia in that cohort and the use of iron supplementation in these patients.
We conducted a cross-sectional study, using a structured data collection tool, by retrospectively reviewing patient records from December 2015 to January 2010. Data was also obtained prospectively from January 2016 to March 2016.
Eighty cases (44 females and 36 males) of CHD were encountered. Tetralogy of Fallot was the most common (48.8%) CHD. Cases of cyanotic congenital heart disease were reported at autopsy. Of the 80 cases, 48 (72.7%) had signs of relative iron deficiency. Thirty (62.5%) of the 48 patients did not receive iron supplementation. In 14 cases, full blood count was not determined and yet 10 patients received iron at sub-optimal doses (<3 mg/kg/day) and one was given iron at 6 mg/kg/day.
CHD is a common phenomenon among newborns at KATH. Use of iron supplementation was suboptimal. Compliance with guidelines on the use of iron as well as structures for early detection of CHD for definitive interventions are advocated.
儿童未矫正的先天性心脏病变使其处于持续缺氧状态，生活质量受损，预期寿命缩短。这需要早期诊断和干预，包括预防和治疗由此导致的贫血。不幸的是，先天性心脏病（CHD）常常未被识别，因此未得到治疗。
我们确定了Komfo Anokye教学医院（KATH）15岁以下儿童中CHD的发生率，评估了该队列中相对缺铁性贫血的患病率以及这些患者中铁剂补充的使用情况。
我们进行了一项横断面研究，使用结构化数据收集工具，回顾性分析2015年12月至2010年1月的患者记录。数据也前瞻性地收集于2016年1月至2016年3月。
共遇到80例CHD患者（44例女性，36例男性）。法洛四联症是最常见的（48.8%）CHD类型。尸检报告了青紫型先天性心脏病病例。在这80例患者中，48例（72.7%）有相对缺铁的迹象。48例患者中有30例（62.5%）未接受铁剂补充。14例患者未进行全血细胞计数，但仍有10例患者接受了次优剂量（<3mg/kg/天）的铁剂，1例患者接受了6mg/kg/天的铁剂。
CHD在KATH的新生儿中是一种常见现象。铁剂补充的使用并不理想。提倡遵守铁剂使用指南以及建立早期检测CHD以进行确定性干预的机制。
