美国男性和女性消防员 5 年内心血管疾病风险因素的变化。
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Changes Over 5 Years Among Male and Female US Firefighters.
机构信息
Health and Human Physiological Sciences Department, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York (Dr Smith, Graham, Dr Mathias); Illinois Fire Service Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinios (Dr Smith); Public Safety Occupational Health Center, 12099 Government Center Parkway, Fairfax, Virgina (Dr Stewart).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2020 Jun;62(6):398-402. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001846.
OBJECTIVE
To examine changes in measures of cardiovascular health in male and female firefighters over 5 years.
METHODS
Anthropometrics and biomarkers of cardiovascular health from two occupational medical exams separated by 5 years (2009 to 2016) were examined from a cohort of US career firefighters in Virginia (males, n = 603; females, n = 69). Changes over time were tested using paired t-tests and McNemar's tests.
RESULTS
At baseline, 29% of males and 10% of females were obese. Body weight and body mass index significantly increased (P < 0.05) in males (2.5 ± 0.2 kg) (0.8 ± 0.1 kg·m) and females (2.5 ± 0.8 kg) (1.0 ± 0.3 kg·m) over the 5-year period. The prevalence of obesity, hypercholesterolemia, hypertensive medication usage, and high blood glucose significantly increased in males over the 5-year period.
CONCLUSIONS
While improvements in blood pressure were observed, large percentages of firefighters, particularly males, had cardiovascular disease risk factors that increased over time.
目的
研究男性和女性消防员在 5 年内心血管健康测量指标的变化。
方法
弗吉尼亚州的一个美国职业消防员队列，对两次职业体检（2009 年至 2016 年）相隔 5 年的人体测量和心血管健康生物标志物进行了研究（男性，n=603；女性，n=69）。使用配对 t 检验和 McNemar 检验测试随时间的变化。
结果
在基线时，29%的男性和 10%的女性肥胖。男性体重和体重指数显著增加（P<0.05）（2.5±0.2kg）（0.8±0.1kg·m）和女性（2.5±0.8kg）（1.0±0.3kg·m）在 5 年内。男性在 5 年内肥胖、高胆固醇血症、高血压药物使用和高血糖的患病率显著增加。
结论
尽管血压有所改善，但很大比例的消防员，特别是男性，心血管疾病的危险因素随时间而增加。
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