Department of Health Services, University of Washington, White Swan, WA 98952, USA.
Suriname Indigenous Health Fund, White Swan, WA 98952, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 22;17(4):1420. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17041420.
This paper describes efforts by public health practitioners to address a health crisis caused by economic development policies that are unrestrained by either environmental, public health, or human rights mandates. Economic development projects funded by international funding institutions like the Inter-American Development Bank that reduce poverty when measured in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in the transborder region between Suriname and French Guiana harm minority populations where commercial activities destroy, alter, and remove the resources upon which local communities depend. In this study, the structural causes of a community health crisis affecting Indigenous people in the transborder region between Suriname and French Guiana was addressed by seeking gatekeepers in government who have access to policy-making processes. We found that deeply rooted economic development policies structured social, economic, and political alliances and made them resistant to feedback and reform. We concluded that work must be focused beyond the simple exchange of public health information. Public health practitioners must become politically active to create new policy commitments and new patterns of governance that advance development as well as improve health outcomes. Failure to do so may result in public health practitioners becoming 'engaged followers' that are complicit in the inhumanity that springs from their acquiescence to the authority of government officials when their policies are the cause of preventable death, disease, and disability.
本文描述了公共卫生从业者为应对经济发展政策所带来的健康危机而做出的努力,这些政策既不受环境、公共卫生,也不受人权法规的约束。由美洲开发银行等国际资助机构为苏里南和法属圭亚那跨境地区的经济发展项目提供资金,从人均国内生产总值(GDP)的角度衡量,这些项目减少了贫困,但对商业活动破坏、改变和剥夺当地社区赖以生存的资源的少数群体造成了伤害。在这项研究中,通过寻找有机会参与决策过程的政府中的“把关人”,来解决影响苏里南和法属圭亚那跨境地区土著人民的社区健康危机的结构性原因。我们发现,根深蒂固的经济发展政策构建了社会、经济和政治联盟,并使它们对反馈和改革具有抵抗力。我们得出的结论是,工作必须集中在超越简单的公共卫生信息交流上。公共卫生从业者必须积极参与政治活动,制定新的政策承诺和新的治理模式,既要促进发展,也要改善健康结果。否则,公共卫生从业者可能会成为“参与的追随者”,他们默许政府官员的权威,从而对由此产生的不人道行为负有责任,而这些行为本可以通过他们的反对来避免,因为这些政策导致了可预防的死亡、疾病和残疾。