Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo , Oslo, Norway.
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo, Norway.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2021 Mar;28(2):201-217. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2020.1727834. Epub 2020 Feb 25.
Risk and protective factors for cognitive function in aging may affect how much individuals benefit from their environment or life experiences by preserving or improving cognitive abilities. We investigated the relations between such factors and outcome from episodic-memory training in 136 healthy young and older adults. Tested risk factors included carrying the ɛ4 variant of the apolipoprotein E allele (APOE), age, body mass index, blood pressure, and cholesterol. Protective factors included higher levels of education, intelligence quotient (IQ), physical activity, fatty acids, and vitamin D. Average increases in memory performance were seen after training, with ample variation between individuals. Being young, female, and having higher IQ were positive predictors of memory improvement. No other relationships were observed. Similar benefit was observed across APOE allelic variation. This indicates that beyond IQ, age, and sex, known risk -and protective factors of cognitive function in aging were not significantly related to memory plasticity.
衰老过程中认知功能的风险和保护因素可能通过维持或改善认知能力，影响个体从环境或生活经历中获益的程度。我们调查了这些因素与 136 名健康年轻和老年成年人的情景记忆训练结果之间的关系。测试的风险因素包括携带载脂蛋白 E 基因（APOE）的 ε4 变体、年龄、体重指数、血压和胆固醇。保护因素包括更高的教育水平、智商（IQ）、身体活动、脂肪酸和维生素 D。经过训练后，记忆表现平均有所提高，个体之间存在很大差异。年轻、女性和高智商是记忆改善的积极预测因素。未观察到其他关系。APOE 等位基因变异也观察到类似的益处。这表明，除了 IQ、年龄和性别之外，衰老过程中认知功能的已知风险和保护因素与记忆可塑性没有显著关系。
