MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2020 Jun;18(6):332-343. doi: 10.1038/s41579-020-0335-x. Epub 2020 Feb 25.
Discovering that chytrid fungi cause chytridiomycosis in amphibians represented a paradigm shift in our understanding of how emerging infectious diseases contribute to global patterns of biodiversity loss. In this Review we describe how the use of multidisciplinary biological approaches has been essential to pinpointing the origins of amphibian-parasitizing chytrid fungi, including Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, as well as to timing their emergence, tracking their cycles of expansion and identifying the core mechanisms that underpin their pathogenicity. We discuss the development of the experimental methods and bioinformatics toolkits that have provided a fuller understanding of batrachochytrid biology and informed policy and control measures.
发现壶菌真菌导致两栖动物壶菌病，代表了我们对新兴传染病如何导致全球生物多样性丧失模式的理解发生了范式转变。在这篇综述中，我们描述了多学科生物学方法的应用对于确定两栖动物寄生性壶菌真菌（包括Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis 和 Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans）的起源、确定其出现时间、跟踪其扩张周期以及确定支撑其致病性的核心机制至关重要。我们讨论了实验方法和生物信息学工具包的发展，这些方法和工具包提供了对壶菌生物学的更全面理解，并为政策和控制措施提供了信息。
