McSweeney F K, Melville C L, Higa J
Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-4830.
J Exp Anal Behav. 1988 Nov;50(3):469-81. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1988.50-469.
The present study examined behavioral contrast during concurrent and multiple schedules that provided food and alcohol reinforcers. Concurrent-schedule contrast occurred in the responding reinforced by food when alcohol reinforcers were removed. It also occurred in the responding reinforced by alcohol when food was removed. Multiple-schedule contrast appeared for food when alcohol reinforcers were removed, but not for alcohol when food was removed. These results show that behavioral contrast may, but does not always, occur across qualitatively different reinforcers. They also show that multiple-schedule contrast may be more difficult to produce than concurrent-schedule contrast. The results have implications for a model of alcohol consumption.
本研究考察了在提供食物和酒精强化物的并发和多重强化程序中的行为对比。当酒精强化物被移除时，由食物强化的反应中出现了并发程序对比。当食物被移除时，由酒精强化的反应中也出现了并发程序对比。当酒精强化物被移除时，多重强化程序对比在对食物的反应中出现，但当食物被移除时，对酒精的反应中未出现多重强化程序对比。这些结果表明，行为对比可能（但不总是）会在性质不同的强化物之间出现。它们还表明，产生多重强化程序对比可能比产生并发程序对比更困难。这些结果对酒精消费模型具有启示意义。
