恶棍还是英雄？病毒存在的理由。
Villains or heroes? The raison d'être of viruses.
作者信息
Watanabe Tokiko, Kawaoka Yoshihiro
机构信息
Division of Virology Department of Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Medical Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan.
Department of Pathobiological Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA.
出版信息
Clin Transl Immunology. 2020 Feb 19;9(2):e01114. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1114. eCollection 2020.
The relationship between humans and viruses has a long history. Since the first identification of viruses in the 19th century, we have considered them to be 'pathogens' and have studied their mechanisms of replication and pathogenicity to combat the diseases that they cause. However, the relationships between hosts and viruses are various and virus infections do not necessarily cause diseases in their hosts. Rather, recent studies have shown that viral infections sometimes have beneficial effects on the biological functions and/or evolution of hosts. Here, we provide some insight into the positive side of viruses.
人类与病毒的关系源远流长。自19世纪首次发现病毒以来，我们一直将它们视为“病原体”，并研究它们的复制机制和致病性，以对抗它们所引发的疾病。然而，宿主与病毒之间的关系是多样的，病毒感染并不一定会在其宿主中引发疾病。相反，最近的研究表明，病毒感染有时会对宿主的生物学功能和/或进化产生有益影响。在此，我们对病毒的积极一面进行一些探讨。
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