From the Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2020 Mar;144(3):335-343. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2019-0551-RA.
CONTEXT.—: Tumor histology offers a composite view of the genetic, epigenetic, proteomic, and microenvironmental determinants of tumor biology. As a marker of tumor histology, histologic grading has persisted as a highly relevant factor in risk stratification and management of urologic neoplasms (ie, renal cell carcinoma, prostatic adenocarcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma). Ongoing research and consensus meetings have attempted to improve the accuracy, consistency, and biologic relevance of histologic grading, as well as provide guidance for many challenging scenarios. OBJECTIVE.—: To review the most recent updates to the grading system of urologic neoplasms, including those in the 2016 4th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Bluebook, with emphasis on issues encountered in routine practice. DATA SOURCES.—: Peer-reviewed publications and the 4th edition of the WHO Bluebook on the pathology and genetics of the urinary system and male genital organs. CONCLUSIONS.—: This article summarizes the recently updated grading schemes for renal cell carcinoma, prostate adenocarcinomas, and bladder neoplasms of the genitourinary tract.
背景:肿瘤组织学提供了肿瘤生物学的遗传、表观遗传、蛋白质组学和微环境决定因素的综合视图。作为肿瘤组织学的标志物,组织学分级一直是泌尿系统肿瘤(即肾细胞癌、前列腺腺癌和尿路上皮癌)风险分层和管理中高度相关的因素。正在进行的研究和共识会议试图提高组织学分级的准确性、一致性和生物学相关性,并为许多具有挑战性的情况提供指导。
目的:回顾泌尿系统肿瘤分级系统的最新更新,包括 2016 年第 4 版世界卫生组织(WHO)蓝皮书,重点介绍在常规实践中遇到的问题。
资料来源:同行评议的出版物和第 4 版 WHO 蓝皮书,涉及泌尿系统和男性生殖器官的病理学和遗传学。
结论:本文总结了最近更新的肾细胞癌、前列腺腺癌和泌尿生殖道膀胱肿瘤的分级方案。
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