Li Matthew, Liu Tongchao, Bi Xuanxuan, Chen Zhongwei, Amine Khalil, Zhong Cheng, Lu Jun
Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Chem Soc Rev. 2020 Mar 23;49(6):1688-1705. doi: 10.1039/c8cs00426a.
Lithium-ion batteries have proven themselves to be indispensable among modern day society. Demands stemming from consumer electronics and renewable energy systems have pushed researchers to strive for new electrochemical technologies. To this end, the advent of anionic redox, that is, the sequential or simultaneous redox of the cation and anion in a transition metal oxide based cathode for a Li-ion battery, has garnered much attention due to the enhanced specific capacities. Unfortunately, the higher energy densities are plagued with problems associated with the irreversibility of anionic redox. Much effort has been placed on finding a suitable composition of transition metal oxide, with some groups identifying the underlying features and relationship for anion redox and cationic redox to occur reversibly. Accordingly, it is timely to review anionic redox in terms of what anionic redox is with emphasis on the mechanism and the evidence underlying its discovery and validation. To follow will be a section defining the nature of the transition metal and oxygen bond accompanied by three subsequent sections bridging the redox spectrum from pure anionic, to a mix of cationic and anionic and pure cationic.
锂离子电池已证明自身在现代社会中不可或缺。消费电子产品和可再生能源系统产生的需求促使研究人员努力探索新的电化学技术。为此，阴离子氧化还原的出现，即在锂离子电池的过渡金属氧化物基阴极中阳离子和阴离子的顺序或同时氧化还原，因其提高的比容量而备受关注。不幸的是，更高的能量密度存在与阴离子氧化还原不可逆性相关的问题。人们在寻找合适的过渡金属氧化物组成方面付出了很多努力，一些研究团队确定了阴离子氧化还原和阳离子氧化还原可逆发生的潜在特征及关系。因此，适时地从阴离子氧化还原是什么的角度进行综述，重点关注其机制以及发现和验证的证据。接下来将有一部分定义过渡金属与氧键的性质，随后还有三个部分，涵盖从纯阴离子氧化还原到阳离子和阴离子混合氧化还原以及纯阳离子氧化还原的整个氧化还原范围。
