Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
Rev Med Virol. 2020 Jul;30(4):e2100. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2100. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
Flavivirus infections are a public health threat in the world that requires the development of safe and effective vaccines. Therefore, the understanding of the anti-flavivirus humoral immune response is fundamental to future studies on flavivirus pathogenesis and the design of anti-flavivirus therapeutics. This review aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of the function and involvement of flavivirus proteins in the humoral immune response as well as the ability of the anti-envelope (anti-E) antibodies to interfere (neutralizing antibodies) or not (non-neutralizing antibodies) with viral infection, and how they can, in some circumstances enhance dengue virus infection on Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) bearing cells through a mechanism known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Thus, the dual role of the antibodies against E protein poses a formidable challenge for vaccine development. Also, we discuss the roles of antibody binding stoichiometry (the concentration, affinity, or epitope recognition) in the neutralization of flaviviruses and the "breathing" of flavivirus virions in the humoral immune response. Finally, the relevance of some specific antibodies in the design and improvement of effective vaccines is addressed.
黄病毒感染是全球公共卫生的威胁，需要开发安全有效的疫苗。因此，了解抗黄病毒体液免疫反应对于未来研究黄病毒发病机制和设计抗黄病毒疗法至关重要。本综述旨在概述目前对黄病毒蛋白在体液免疫反应中的功能和参与的理解，以及包膜（抗 E）抗体干扰（中和抗体）或不干扰（非中和抗体）病毒感染的能力，以及它们如何在某些情况下通过一种称为抗体依赖性增强 (ADE) 的机制增强 Fcγ受体 (FcγR) 携带细胞中的登革热病毒感染。因此，针对 E 蛋白的抗体的双重作用给疫苗开发带来了巨大挑战。此外，我们还讨论了抗体结合计量（浓度、亲和力或表位识别）在中和黄病毒和黄病毒病毒粒子在体液免疫反应中的“呼吸”中的作用。最后，还讨论了一些特定抗体在有效疫苗的设计和改进中的相关性。
