Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Can J Urol. 2020 Feb;27(27 Suppl 1):3-10.
Prostate cancer screening remains highly controversial in medicine. The College of Family Physicians of Canada currently endorses positions that recommend against prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in men of all ages, while the Canadian Urological Association recommends shared and informed decision making for PSA screening in men 50-70 years old. Unfortunately, these opposing stances have left Family Physicians responsible for interpreting the appropriate course of action for their patients. Recent studies demonstrating an increase in incidence of metastatic prostate cancer have led to our support of the Canadian Urological Association recommendations. In an attempt to facilitate initial patient investigation, this article aims to outline current prostate cancer screening recommendations, as well as the various screening modalities available. The utility of PSA-based tests, serum and non-serum biomarkers, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging is discussed and evaluated.
前列腺癌筛查在医学领域仍存在较大争议。加拿大家庭医生学院目前支持不建议对所有年龄段的男性进行前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）筛查的立场，而加拿大泌尿协会则建议对 50-70 岁的男性进行 PSA 筛查的共享和知情决策。不幸的是，这些对立的立场使家庭医生负责为其患者解释适当的治疗方案。最近的研究表明，转移性前列腺癌的发病率有所增加，这促使我们支持加拿大泌尿协会的建议。本文旨在概述当前的前列腺癌筛查建议，以及各种可用的筛查方式，以帮助医生对患者进行初步检查。讨论和评估了基于 PSA 的检测、血清和非血清生物标志物以及多参数磁共振成像的应用。
