Lease Nicholas, Kay Lisa M, Brown Geoffrey W, Chavez David E, Robbins David, Byrd Edward F C, Imler Gregory H, Parrish Damon A, Manner Virginia W
High Explosives Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States.
Detonation Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States.
J Org Chem. 2020 Apr 3;85(7):4619-4626. doi: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03344. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
Understanding the factors that affect explosive sensitivity is paramount to the safe handling and development of new explosives molecules. Erythritol tetranitrate (ETN) is an explosive that recently has attracted significant attention in the explosives community because of its ease of synthesis and physical properties. Herein, we report the synthesis of ETN derivatives using azide, nitramine, and nitrate ester functional groups. Impact, spark, and friction sensitivity measurements, computationally calculated explosive properties, and the crystal structure analysis of the ETN derivatives are reported. Mixing explosive functional groups led to changes in the explosive sensitivity, explosive performance as well as physical properties including melting point and physical state at room temperature. Overall, we have demonstrated that combining functional groups can enable the tuning of explosive and physical properties of a molecule. This tunability can potentially aid in the development of new explosives in which characteristics are varied to meet certain specifications.
了解影响炸药敏感度的因素对于新炸药分子的安全处理和研发至关重要。四硝酸赤藓醇（ETN）是一种炸药，由于其易于合成和物理性质，最近在炸药领域引起了广泛关注。在此，我们报道了使用叠氮化物、硝胺和硝酸酯官能团合成ETN衍生物的方法。报告了ETN衍生物的撞击、火花和摩擦敏感度测量结果、计算得出的爆炸性能以及晶体结构分析。混合炸药官能团导致了炸药敏感度、爆炸性能以及包括熔点和室温下物理状态在内的物理性质的变化。总体而言，我们证明了组合官能团能够调节分子的爆炸性能和物理性质。这种可调性可能有助于开发新炸药，使炸药特性多样化以满足特定规格要求。
