Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany.
Scand J Public Health. 2021 Aug;49(6):581-588. doi: 10.1177/1403494820909011. Epub 2020 Feb 27.
Research has established solid evidence that socioeconomic position impacts health. It is, however, still debated to what extent characteristics of entire employment histories are associated with health inequalities later on. This study investigates associations between contributing to pension schemes throughout entire employment histories and depressive symptoms in older men and women. We use retrospective life history data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), collected in 2008-2009 from retired men and women. Data include detailed information on previous employment histories (between age 25 and 60 years) that allows us to measure labour market involvements and pension contributions during past working lives. In addition, we measure elevated depressive symptoms using EURO-D. We observe that employed work without contributing to pension schemes is associated with elevated depressive symptoms for women, even when taking the current household income into consideration. For men (but not for women), self-employed work without pension contributions is linked to elevated depressive symptoms.
研究已经确立了确凿的证据，表明社会经济地位会影响健康。然而，对于整个就业历史的特征在多大程度上与后来的健康不平等有关，仍存在争议。本研究调查了在整个就业历史中参与养老金计划与老年男性和女性抑郁症状之间的关联。我们使用了欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查（SHARE）的回溯生活史数据，这些数据是在 2008-2009 年从退休的男性和女性中收集的。数据包括了详细的以往就业历史信息（在 25 岁到 60 岁之间），这使我们能够衡量过去工作生涯中的劳动力市场参与情况和养老金缴费情况。此外，我们使用 EURO-D 来衡量抑郁症状的严重程度。我们发现，对于女性来说，没有参与养老金计划的雇佣工作与抑郁症状的加重有关，即使考虑到当前的家庭收入也是如此。对于男性（而不是女性）来说，没有养老金缴款的自营职业与抑郁症状的加重有关。
