Le Quoc-Viet, Yang Geon, Wu Yina, Jang Ho Won, Shokouhimehr Mohammadreza, Oh Yu-Kyoung
College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Asian J Pharm Sci. 2019 Jan;14(1):16-29. doi: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.07.003. Epub 2018 Aug 23.
Cancer immunotherapy has been intensively investigated in both preclinical and clinical studies. Whereas chemotherapies use cytotoxic drugs to kill tumor cells, cancer immunotherapy is based on the ability of the immune system to fight cancer. Tumors are intimately associated with the immune system: they can suppress the immune response and/or control immune cells to support tumor growth. Immunotherapy has yielded promising results in clinical practice, but some patients show limited responses. This may reflect the complexities of the relationship between a tumor and the immune system. In an effort to improve the current immunotherapies, researchers have exploited nanomaterials in creating new strategies to cure tumors via modulation of the immune system in tumor tissues. Although extensive studies have examined the use of immune checkpoint-based immunotherapy, rather less work has focused on manipulating the innate immune cells. This review examines the recent approaches and challenges in the use of nanomaterials to modulate innate immune cells.
癌症免疫疗法已在临床前和临床研究中得到深入研究。化疗使用细胞毒性药物杀死肿瘤细胞，而癌症免疫疗法则基于免疫系统对抗癌症的能力。肿瘤与免疫系统密切相关：它们可以抑制免疫反应和/或控制免疫细胞以支持肿瘤生长。免疫疗法在临床实践中已取得了令人鼓舞的结果，但一些患者的反应有限。这可能反映了肿瘤与免疫系统之间关系的复杂性。为了改进当前的免疫疗法，研究人员利用纳米材料创造了通过调节肿瘤组织中的免疫系统来治愈肿瘤的新策略。尽管广泛的研究已经考察了基于免疫检查点的免疫疗法的应用，但较少有工作专注于操纵先天性免疫细胞。本综述探讨了使用纳米材料调节先天性免疫细胞的最新方法和挑战。
