Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
J Insect Sci. 2020 Jan 1;20(1). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa005.
The Chinese citrus fruit fly, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein), is an economically important pest of citrus. The fly has an obligatory pupal diapause in soil from November to March. However, techniques for predicting or determining the emergence of the adult have, thus far, not been well documented. In this study, we investigated the effects of different pre-diapause temperatures (8, 12, 16, and 20°C) and pupal body weight (five groups according to pupal weight: G-58, 55.0-61.0 mg; G-68, 65-71 mg; G-78, 75-81 mg; G-88, 85-91 mg; G-95, 92-98 mg) on pupal period (the indicator of diapause intensity). The pupal period of B. minax larvae pupated at 8°C was 193.41 d, which was significantly shorter than that of larvae incubated at higher temperatures, suggesting that there was a lower diapause intensity for larvae pupated at lower pre-diapause temperatures. There were also significant differences in the pupal periods at different pupal body weights. The pupal period of G-58 was significantly shorter than that of the heavier groups (G-88 and G-95), and the pupal period increased with increasing pupal body weight in the five groups. Moreover, the pupal period of B. minax significantly and positively correlated to pupal body weight. These findings demonstrate that the pre-diapause temperature and pupal body weight are suitable indicators for predicting the pupal period of overwintering individuals, and the results of this study will contribute to the development of new and effective strategies for predicting the occurrence and population dynamics of B. minax adult.
中国桔小实蝇，Bactrocera minax（Enderlein），是一种重要的柑橘害虫。该蝇在 11 月至 3 月的土壤中经历强制性蛹滞育。然而，到目前为止，还没有很好地记录预测或确定成虫出现的技术。在这项研究中，我们研究了不同预滞育温度（8、12、16 和 20°C）和蛹体质量（五个蛹体质量组：G-58，55.0-61.0 mg；G-68，65-71 mg；G-78，75-81 mg；G-88，85-91 mg；G-95，92-98 mg）对蛹期（滞育强度指标）的影响。在 8°C 下蛹化的桔小实蝇幼虫的蛹期为 193.41d，明显短于在较高温度下孵化的幼虫，表明预滞育温度较低的幼虫滞育强度较低。不同蛹体质量的蛹期也存在显著差异。G-58 的蛹期明显短于较重的组（G-88 和 G-95），并且五个组的蛹期随着蛹体质量的增加而增加。此外，桔小实蝇的蛹期与蛹体质量显著正相关。这些发现表明，预滞育温度和蛹体质量是预测越冬个体蛹期的合适指标，本研究的结果将有助于开发预测桔小实蝇成虫发生和种群动态的新的有效策略。
